Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành quản trị kinh doanh - Phần 3

d scientific. 
We need food, clothes and shelter. We probably would not go to work if we could satisfy 
these basic needs without working. But even when we have satisfied such basic needs, we may 
still want other things. Our lives may be more enjoyable if we had such things as radios, books 
and toys for the children. Human beings certainly have a wide and very complex range of wants. 
The science of economics is concerned with all our material needs: it is concerned with the desire 
to have a radio as well as the basic necessity of having enough food to eat. 
1. Economics is a scientific study. 
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2. Economists try to understand only part of the economic system. 
Unit 1: Economic activity 
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3. If we could satisfy our basic need without working, we would still work. 
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4. Radios, books and toys are basic commodities. 
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5. The range of human wants is very complex. 
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6. Clothes and shelter are non-essential human needs. 
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7. Economic studies are essentially non-scientific. 
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8. Economists study the general life of our communities. 
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Exercise 6: Translate the text in the exercise 5 into Vietnamese 
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Exercise 7:Combine these pair of sentences, using which 
Example: That is the garage. In that garage the new car is kept. 
 That is the garage in which the new car is kept. 
1. Economics is a science. In that science everything must be studied in an objective way. 
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2. The USSR has a system. In that system central planning is very important. 
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Unit 1: Economic activity 
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3. The USA has an economy. In that economy gevernment planning is limitted to quite a 
small area. 
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4. Marxism proposes a special economic system. In that system collective needs are more 
important than individual needs. 
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5. The British have a certain way of life. In that way of life private enterprise and private 
ownership of property are very important. 
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6. The Americans and the British have separate ideologies. In these ideologies there are 
similar points. 
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Exercise 8: Below are two lists. Pair off each word in the first list with its opposite in the 
second list. 
A B 
theoretical local 
private maximum 
individual selling 
mineral complex 
capitalistic communistic 
simple organic 
buying collective 
minimum public 
national practical 
KEY TO UNIT 1 
Text 1.1 
Hầu hết mọi người làm việc để kiếm sống. Họ làm ra hàng hoá và dịch vụ. 
Hàng hoá hoặc được sản xuất ở các trang trại như ngô và sữa, hoặc ở trong các nhà máy 
như ô tô và giấy. Dịch vụ được cung cấp bởi các trường học, bệnh viện và các cửa hàng. 
Unit 1: Economic activity 
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Một số người cung cấp hàng hoá, một số cung cấp dịch vụ. Một số khác cung cấp cả hàng 
hoá và dịch vụ. Ví dụ, ở trong cùng một garage, người ta cũng có thể mua ô tô hoặc cũng có thể 
mua một dịch vụ nào đấy để bảo dưỡng ô tô. 
Công việc con người làm được gọi là hoạt động kinh tế. Các hoạt động kinh tế tạo nên hệ 
thống kinh tế. Hệ thống kinh tế là tổng cái con người làm ra và những cái họ cần. Công việc con 
người làm hoặc để cung cấp những cái họ cần hoặc để kiếm tiền. 
Con người dùng tiền để mua những hàng hoá cần thiết. 
Exercise 1 
1. Most people work in order to earn their living. 
2. They produce goods and services. 
3. Goods are produced either on farms or in factories. 
4. They provide services. 
5. A man can buy a car or a service which helps him to maintain his car. 
6. The work which people do is called their economic activity. 
7. An economic system is the sum-total of what people do and what people want. 
8. Work can provide either what they need or money. 
Exercise 2 
1. He may buy a car. 
2. We may want some more fruit tomorrow. 
3. They may get the essential commodities soon. 
4. The service may stop next month. 
5. The garage may not sell that car to him. 
6. The economic system may belong to a city, a whole country or the whole world. 
7. The car may not belong to those people. 
8. He may buy some service which will help him maintain his car. 
9. He may see the car when he comes tomorrow. 
10. He may provide what they need when he comes. 
Language practice 
Strucrure 1 
Exercise 1 
a. The goods which they need are essential. 
Unit 1: Economic activity 
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b. The schools and hospitals are essential.which they provide are essential. 
c. The goods which he buys are valuable. 
d. The money which people can earn buys essential commodities. 
e. The goods and services which people produce are very useful. 
f. The work which we do is called economic activity. 
g. The work which people do provides them with money. 
h. The economic activities which people undertake make up the economic system. 
Exercise 2 
a. I saw the man who closed the door. 
b. The girl who won the the race is happy. 
c. The student who sits next to me is from China. 
d. The students who sit in the front row are from China. 
e. We are studying sentences which (that) contains an adjective clause. 
f. I am using a sentence which (that) contains an adjective clause. 
g. Algebra problems contain letters which (that) stand for unknown numbers. 
h. The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly. 
Exercise 3 
a. I appologized to the woman whose coffee i spilled. 
b. The man whose wallet was stolen called the police. 
c. I met the woman whose husband is the presidents of the corporation. 
d. The professor whose course I am taking is excellent. 
e. Mr. North teaches a class for students whose native language is not English. 
f. I come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years. 
g. The people whose house we visited were nice. 
h. I live in a dormitory whose residents come from many country. 
i. I have to call the man whose umbrella I accidently picked up after the meeting. 
j. The man whose beard caught on fire when he lit a cigarette poured a glass of water on 
his face. 
Structure 2 
Exercise 1 
Unit 1: Economic activity 
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a. national. 
b. natural 
c. educational 
d. commercial 
e. personal 
Text 1.2 
Hầu hết con người làm việc để kiếm sống, sản xuất ra các hàng hoá và dịch vụ. Hàng hoá có 
thể là hàng nông nghiệp như ngô, sữa hoặc được sản xuất như ô tô và giấy. Các dịch vụ như giáo 
dục, y tế và thương mại. Một số người cung cấp hàng hoá; một số cung cấp dịch vụ. Một số khác 
cung cấp cả hàng hoá và dịch vụ. Ví dụ ở trong cùng một garage người ta có thể mua ô tô hoặc 
dịch vụ bảo dưỡng xe. 
Công việc con người làm được gọi là hoạt động kinh tế. Tất cả các hoạt động kinh tế tạo 
thành hệ thống kinh tế của một thị trấn, thành phố, một quốc gia hoặc thế giới. Hệ thống kinh tế là 
tổng thể những cái con người làm ra và những cái con người cần. Công việc con người làm hoặc 
để cung cấp những cái họ cần hoặc để kiếm tiền mua những hàng hoá cần thiết. Tất nhiên, hầu hết 
con người đều mong muốn kiếm được đủ tiền để mua các hàng hoá và dịch vụ không phải là thiết 
yếu nhưng để thoả mãn mong muốn cá nhân đặc biệt nào đó như đồ chơi cho trẻ em, đi xem chiếu 
bóng. 
Exercise 1 
1. T 
2. F / Goods are either agricultural or manufactured. 
3. T 
4. F / They are produced. 
5. T 
6. F / It is called economic activity. 
7. T 
8. F/ Economic system is the sum-total of what people do and want. 
9. T 
10. F / Most people hope to earn enough money to buy non-essential commodities and 
services. 
Exercise 2.1 
a. The goods that they wanted were essential minerals. 
b. The schools and hospitals that they provide are essential. 
Unit 1: Economic activity 
 28 
c. The goods that he buys are valuable. 
d. The money that the people earned bought many commodities. 
e. The goods and services that people produce are very useful. 
f. The work that we all do is call economic activity. 
g. The work that most people do provides them with money. 
h. The economic activities that people undertake make up the economic system of a town, 
city, country or larger area. 
i. The economic system that people belong to is the sum-total of their needs and actions. 
j. The work that he undertook was useful but non-essential. 
Exercise 2.2 
a. The goods they wanted were essential minerals. 
b. The schools and hospitals they provide are essential. 
c. The goods he buys are valuable. 
d. The money the people earned bought many commodities. 
e. The goods and services people produce are very useful. 
f. The work we all do is call economic activity. 
g. The work most people do provides them with money. 
h. The economic activities people undertake make up the economic system of a town, city, 
country or larger area. 
i. The economic system people belong to is the sum-total of their needs and actions. 
j. The work he undertook was useful but non-essential. 
Listening: Introducing Transworld 
Exercise 1 
1- f, h 2 – a, d, k 3 – l, p 4 – g 5 – b, e, j, m 6 – c, i, n 7 - o 
AB: Hello. You’re the new accounts clerk, aren’t you? My name’s Anne Bell. I do most of the 
secretarial work in the office. 
DT: Pleased to meet you, Miss Bell. I’m David Thompson 
AB: Please call me Anne.