Lí thuyết tiếng anh – topic – giới từ – prepositions

: khâm phục
talent for: tài năng	desire for: sự mong muốn
cure for: việc chữa trị cho	
IN
rise in: phát triển, tăng	increase in: phát triển, tăng
decresase in: giảm	belief in: tin
experience in: có kinh nghiệm	interest in: thích, quan tâm
delay in: trì hõan
OF
cause of: nguyên nhân	advantage/ disadvantage of: thuận lợi/ bất lợi
knowledge of: kiến thức	lack of: thiếu
opinion of: ý kiến	benefit of: lợi ích
example of: ví dụ	sense of: ý thức
TO 
damage to: sự hư hại đối với	invitation to: lời mời
reaction to: phản ứng	solution to: giải pháp
attitude to: thái độ	access to: phương tiện
threat to: đe dọa	reply to: đáp lại
ON
effect on: ảnh hưởng	influence on: ảnh hưởng
advice on: khuyên	report on: báo cáo
WITH
relationship with: mối quan hệ	connection with: sự liên quan với
contact with: sự tiếp xúc với	association with: sự kết giao với
link with: liên kết với	trouble with: có vấn đề với
BETWEEN
difference between: sự khác biệt	comparison between: so sánh
2. Adjective + preposition:
ABOUT
annoyed (with sb) about: bực tức 	excited about: hào hứng
anxious/ worried about: lo lắng 	furious about: điên tiết về
careful about: cẩn thận về 	happy about: hạnh phúc	
careless about: bất cẩn về	sad/ upset about: buồn/ thất vọng
concerned about: quan tâm	serious about: nghiêm túc về	
confused about: nhầm lẩn về 	sorry about/ for: xin lỗi về
AT
amazed at: kinh ngạc về	good at: dở về (good for: tốt cho)
bad at: dở về (bad for: xấu cho)	quick at: nhanh nhẹn về
clever at: khéo léo về 	skillful at: khéo léo về
excellent at: xuất sắc về	surprised at: ngạc nhiên về
FOR
available for: có sẵn 	late for: trễ
eager for: nóng lòng chờ	necessary for: cần thiết cho
eligible for: xứng đáng cho 	responsible for: chịu trách nhiệm
famous for: nổi tiếng 	useful for: có ích cho
known for: nổi tiếng
FROM
absent from: vắng mặt ở	free from/ of: thóat khỏi	
different from: khác với	safe from: an tòan
IN
disappointed in/ with: thất vọng 	involved in: có liên quan
interested in: quan tâm	rich in: giàu có, phong phú	
successful in: thành công
OF
afraid of: sợ	full of: đầy 
ahead of: đi trước	guilty of: có tội
ashamed of: hổ thẹn	independent of: độc lập
aware/ conscious of: ý thức 	jealous of: ghen tị
capable of: có khả năng 	proud of: tự hào
certain of/ about: chắc về	scared of: hoảng sợ
confident of: tự tin	short of: cạn kiệt
envious of: ghen tị	sure of: chắc
fond of: thích	tired of: chán
frightened of: sợ 	typical of: tiêu biểu
TO
accustomed to: quen 	grateful to sb for sth: biết ơn
addicted to: nghiện	opposed to: phản đối	
committed to: tận tụy	harmful to: có hại cho
contrary to: trái với	important to: quan trọng với
dedicated to: tận tụy	married to: thành hơn với
devoted to: tận tâm	open to: mở ra cho
equal to: bằng với	similar to: tương tự với
essential to/ for: cần thiết cho	
WITH	
acquainted with: quen với	friendly with: thân thiện	
angry with/ at sb about sth: giận	happy with/ about: hạnh phúc về
angry with/ at sb for doing sth: giận 	honest with: thành thật với
bored with/ fed up with: chán với	identical with: giống hệt với
busy with: bận rộn với	impatient with: mất kiên nhẫn với
crowded with: đông đúc 	patient with: kiên nhẫn với
disappointed with: thất vọng	pleased/ satisfied with: hài lòng với
familiar with: quen thuộc với	popular with: phổ biến với
OF/ TO
generous/ good/ kind/ nice/ polite/ rude/ stupid to sb
generous/ good/ kind/ nice/ polite/ rude/ stupid of sb to do sth
3. Verb + preposition:
ABOUT
care about sb/ sth: coi trọng	remind sb about sth: nhắc ai nhớ
(care for: thích)	(remind sb of sb/ sth: gợi ai nhớ đến)
complain about: phàn nàn	talk about sb/ sth: nói chuyện về
dream about/ of sb/ sth: mơ về 	tell sb about sb/ sth: nói với ai về
forget about: quên	think about/ of sb/ sth: nghĩ về
hear about sth: nghe nói về 	warn sb about/ of sth: cảnh báo về
(hear from sb: nghe tin tức của ai)	worry about: lo lắng
learn about: biết
AT
aim (sth) at sb/ sth: nhắm vào	shout at sb: la mắng ai
arrive at/ in: đến tại	(shout to sb: goi lớn ai)
glance at sb/ sth: liếc nhìn	smile at sb: mỉm cười với ai
laugh at sb: cười nhạo ai	stare at sb/ sth: nhìn chăm chú
look at sb/ sth: nhìn vào	throw sth at sb: ném mạnh vào ai
point (sth) at sb/ sth: chĩa vào	(throw sth to sb: ném cho ai bắt)
FOR
apply for sth: nộp đơn xin	leave (a place) for: rời.... để đi đến
account for: giải thích	look for sb/ sth: tìm kiếm
apologize for: xin lỗi 	(look after sb/ sth: chăm sóc)
ask sb for sth: yêu cầu ai về	pay for sth: trả tiền cho
blame sb for sth: đổ lỗi cho ai về	search for sb/ sth: tìm kiếm
excuse for: xin lỗi	thank sb for (doing) sth: cảm ơn
forgive sb for (doing) sth: tha thứ 	wait for sb/ sth: chờ đợi
hope for sth: hy vọng về
FROM
escape from: trốn thóat khỏi	protect sb from sth: bảo vệ
prevent sb from (doing) sth: ngăn chặn	suffer from sth: chịu, bị (bệnh, đau khổ)
IN
believe in sb/ sth: tin vào	specialize in sth: chuyên về
participate in: tham gia 	succeed in (doing) sth: thành công về
INTO
crash into: tông, đụng vào	divide/ split into: chia ra
cut into: cắt ra thành	translate (from a language) into: dịch ra
OF
accuse sb of (doing) sth: buộc tội ai	disapprove of sth: không đồng ý
approve of: đồng ý, chấp thuận 	hear of: nghe tin
consist of sb/ sth: bao gồm	suspect sb of (doing) sth: nghi ngờ	
die of/ from: chết vì 	think of: nghĩ về
ON
concentrate on sth: tập trung vào	live onsb/ sth: sống nhờ vào
congratulate sb on (doing) sth: chúc mừng	plan on: kế hoạch	
comment on: phê bình	rely on: tin cậy
depend on: phụ thuộc	spend (money) on sth: tiêu (tiền)
insist on (doing) sth: nài nỉ	
TO
adapt to: thích nghi 	explain sth to sb: giải thích cho ai
add to: thêm vào 	happen to sb/ sth: xảy ra với
adjust to: điều chỉnh 	listen to: lắng nghe
apologize to sb for (doing) sth: xin lỗi ai về	object to: phản đối
complain to sb about sth: phàn nàn	prefer  to : thích  hơn
describe sth to sb: mô tả cho ai 	talk/ speak to sb: nói với
devote to: cống hiến	
WITH
agree with: đồng ý	fill with: làm đầy
argue with: cãi nhau với	provide sb with sth: cung cấp
collide with: tông, đụng vào 	(provide sth for sb: cung cấp)
communicate with: giao tiếp	supply sb with sth: cung cấp
compare with/to: so sánh 	(supply sth to sb: cung cấp)
EXERCISES 
I. Fill in each blank with the correct preposition.
1. The price of electricity is going up _____ August.
2. They came to visit us _____ my birthday.
3. Did you have a good time _____ Christmas?
4. The children are really excited _____ their summer vacation.
5. We were very disappointed _____ the organization of the festival.
6. John missed a lot of lessons. He was ill _____ January to March.
7. Helen had said goodbye to everybody in the class _____ she left for the hometown.
8. My cat is very fond _____ fish.
9. I waited _____ 10 o’clock and then went home.
10. I can’t remember exactly when the accident happened. I think it was _____ nine and half past nine.
11. Are you acquainted _____ the lady?
12. _____ the children left, the house was very quiet.
13. These photographs were taken _____ a friend of mine.
14. The river Rhine flows _____ the North sea.
15. I shall meet you _____ the corner _____ the street.
16. I always come _____ school _____ foot.
17. He had learned the whole poem _____ heart.
18. He has waited _____ her for a long time.
19. He’s not very keen _____ watching football, but his wife is.
20. Are you worried _____ the final examination?
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 
1. _____ time _____ time I will examine you on the work you have done.
A. From / to	B. At / to	C. In / to	D. With / to
2. This village is inhabited _____ tens of thieves.
A. with	B. to	C. by	D. for
3. God has bestowed _____ me many graces.
A. on	B. for	C. to	D. with
4. Make a comment _____ this sentence!
A. to	B. in	C. on	D. about
5. He’s a very wealthy man; a few hundred pounds is nothing _____ him.
A. for	B. with	C. to	D. about
6. She does not show much affection _____ him.
A. with	B. in	C. for	D. to
7. The clerk _____ that counter said those purses were _____ sale.
A. in/ for	B. at/ on	C. at/ in	D. on/ on
8. Someone broke into the shop and made _____ with several TVs and videos.
A. of 	B. up	C. out	D. off	
9. Old people like to descant _____ past memories.
A. in	B. with	C. on	D. for
10. You should comply _____ the school rules.
A. to	B. about	C. with	D. in
11. The people next door are furious _____ us _____ making so much noise last night.
A. at/ with	B. with/ for	C. for/ to	D. about/ in
12. The Vietnamese participants always take part _____ sports events with great enthusiasm.
A. in	B. on	C. at	D. to
13. He isn’t independent _____ any means. He depends _____ his father _____ everything.
A. by/ on/ in	B. for/ on/ in	C. of/ in/ for	D. on/ in/ with
14. He may be quick _____ understanding but he isn’t capable _____ remembering anything.
A. in/ of	B. on/ at	C. at/ of	D. of/ at
15. Mum is always busy _____ her work in the laboratory.
A. with	B. at	C. in	D. of
16 Lan will stay there _____ the beginning in September _____ November.
A. from/ to	B. till/ to	C. from/ in	D. till/ of
17. I would like to apply _____ the position of sales clerk that you advised in the Sunday newspaper.
A. for	B. to	C. with	D. in
18. I have been looking _____ this book for months, and at last, I have found it.
A. over	B. up	C. for	D. at 
19. My sister is very fond _____ eating chocolate candy.
A. of	B. with	C. about	D. at
20. Who’s going to look _____ the children while you’re away?
A. at	B. up	C. after	D. over
ANSWER: 
I. 1. in	2. on	3. at	4. about	5. with
6. from	7. before	8. of	9. until	10. between
11. with	12. After	13. by	14. into	15. at/ of
16. to/ on	17. by	18. for	19. on	 	20. about
II.	1. A	2. C	3. A	4. C	5. C	6. C	7. B	8. B	9. C	10. C
	11. D	12. A	13. A	14. C	15. B	16. A	17. A	18. C	19. A	20. C