Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành quản trị kinh doanh - Phần 12

.a letter of order. She4 ........... an order form. She5.......... an order 
number, but Liz says she6.............it. 
Anne says she also7 ....... some cutlery and she8 .......... an official order, but she 9................ 
by cheque and she10 .............a receipt. 
Liz says she’s got the receipt and that’s all right. 
NB The last sentence is in the past tense on the disk . 
Exercise 2. Reported speech in past 
When Sandra gave Graham Davis a memo from Liz about sending order forms to the 
accounts department, he asked her what it was about. She told him about the morning's telephone 
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conversations. Rewrite the things Liz and Anne said in Exercise 1, like this: Liz said she’d got an 
order for some furniture, but... 
Laboratory drill 
P : Liz says she’s got an order for some furniture. 
R : Liz said she’d got an order for some furniture. 
Exercise 3. You 
Listen to the disc. When the speakers say you, do they mean (a) the listener or (b) anyone 
in this situation? After each BLEEP write the sentence number and (a) or (b). 
Exercise 4. Past perfect tense with before and after 
Anne passed her exams and then she left school. After that she went to secretarial college 
and then she worked in a bank. Later she lived in London and finally she moved to Manchester 
and got a job with Transworld. 
Practise like this: 
P : Had Anne left school before she passed her exams? 
R : No. She’d passed her exams before she left school. 
or : No. she left school after she’d passed her exams. 
Laboratory drill 
P : Had Anne left school before she passed her exams? 
R : No. She’s passed her exams before she left school. 
P : Did Anne pass her exams after she’ d left school? 
R : No. She left school after she’d passed her exams. 
Exercise 5. More about the past perfect : 
Decide which of these events happened before the other and combine the sentences using 
the past perfect, like this: 
GLM sent the invoice . GLM sent the goods 
GLM sent the invoice after they had sent the goods. 
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1. BOS received the order. BOS sent the goods. 
2. BOS sent the statement. Transworld received the goods. 
3. Anne received the goods. Anne paid the pro-forma invoice. 
4. Mr Perez received the goods by air. Mr Perez sent an order. 
5. Transworld received the statement. Transworld paid BOS. 
6. Kevin received the order. Kevin made out the Bill of Lading. 
Laboratory drill 
P : GLM sent the invoice. GLM sent the goods ? 
R : HLM sent the invoice after they’d sent the goods. 
SUMMARY 
- Từ vựng liên quan đến lĩnh vực cung và cầu 
- Ôn lại cách tạo từ mới bằng cách thêm hậu tố và tiền tố 
- Cách sử dụng trợ động từ do và did trong câu nhấn mạnh 
- Ôn lại thì quá khứ hoàn thành với before và after 
- Ôn tập tiếp câu gián tiếp 
VOCABULARY 
adjust v điều chỉnh 
afford v có khả năng mua, mua được 
air consignment note n vận đơn hàng không 
airway bill n vận đơn hàng không 
back up v ủng hộ 
be regarded as v được xem như là 
Bill of Lading n vận đơn đường biển 
bleep n tiếng kêu bíp 
calendar month n tháng theo lịch 
cause v gây ra, gây nên 
Co / company n công ty 
combined transport document n vận đơn liên hiệp 
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compare v so sánh với 
consignment note n vận đơn, phiếu gửi kèm theo hàng hoá ghi rõ 
chi tiết hàng hoá 
consumer n người tiêu dùng 
currently adv hiện hành 
decrease v giảm đi 
desire n,v mong muốn 
deteriorate v bị hỏng 
doubt n,v nghi ngờ, không tin 
elastic adj co dãn 
encourage v khuyến khích 
equal adj cân bằng 
existence n sự tồn tại 
extract v thu được, chiết xuất 
fairly adv khá 
foodstuff n lương thực, thực phẩm 
glut n sự dư thừa, thừa thãi 
household - goods n hàng hoá gia dụng 
imply v ngụ ý, hàm ý 
in response to exp tương ứng với, phù hợp với 
increase v tăng lên 
inelastic adj không co dãn 
intend v dự định, có ý định 
internal line n đường dây nội bộ 
invoice n hoá đơn (danh mục hàng hóa và giá cả) 
locally adv trong nước 
make sense v có ý nghĩa, hợp lý 
memo (memorandum) n bản ghi nhớ 
mine n mỏ 
note v nhận thấy, nghi nhận 
over - production n sự sản xuất quá nhiều 
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parallel v song song với 
percentage n tỷ lệ phần trăm 
perishable adj dễ bị hỏng 
Plc / public limited company n công ty hữu hạn cổ phần công khai 
priority n sự ưu tiên 
pro-forma invoice n bản hoá đơn hoá giá 
Qty Ltd / Proprietary Limited n công ty trách nhiệm hữu hạn (ở Úc) 
quickly adv nhanh 
rapidly adv nhanh 
reflect v phản ánh 
report v báo cáo 
result v đưa đến, dẫn đến 
sharply adv rất nhanh 
state v nói rõ, khẳng định 
statement n lời tuyên bố 
steeply adv rất nhanh 
suit v phù hợp 
taken literally adv nghĩa đen 
tend v có xu hướng 
throughout adv trong phạm vi, khắp … 
wheat n lúa mì 
willingness n sự bằng lòng, vui lòng 
CONSOLIDATION EXERCISES 
Exercise 1: Read the passage and answer the following questions. 
The demand for anything, at a given price, is the amount which will be bought at that price. 
Demand always means demand at a price. The term has no significance unless the price is stated 
or implied. The simple statement that so many thousand cars a year, or so many million tons of 
coal a year are demanded in Great Britain may be intended to mean that for some years the prices 
of cars and coal have been fairly stable and that every year the volume of sales in Great Britain 
has been very near the figure reported. But such a statement, taken literally, does not make sense, 
for the volume of sales – that is the demand – would be different if the prices are different. There 
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is no doubt that if the prices of cars could be reduced enough, twice as many would be sold, and 
that if their prices went high enough, their sales would be halved. The amount bought of anything 
will vary and may vary considerably with its price. In other words, the demand at one price is 
usually different from the demand at another price. Clearly demand must mean demand per unit of 
time, per year or per month or per week or per day. 
Demand, it may be noted, is not the same as desire or need. There is no doubt that many 
people who cannot afford a car would like one, and also that many children need more milk than 
they get. But unless desire or need is backed up by ability and willingness to pay, it does not 
affect the volume of sales. The demand for a thing at a given price is the amount which would, in 
fact, be bought at that price. 
1. Give the definition for the demand. 
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2. Why do we always have to state or imply a price when we mention the demand or 
something? 
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3. What is the difference between demand, desire and need? 
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4. What does the demand depend upon? 
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5. What is necessary for desire or need to become demand? 
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Exericise 2: Translate the text in Exercise 1 into Vietnamese. 
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Exercise 3: Read the following passage and answer the questions. 
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In ordinary speech, the term “supply ” may have any of several different meanings. It may 
mean the total amount in existance. The term is often used in this sense when the total stock 
cannot be increased, or can be increased by only a small percentage, during the next year or two. 
Thus the supply of Picasso paintings may mean all the paintings ever painted by Picasso and 
known to still be in existance. The world supply of gold may mean the total amount of gold which 
has been extracted from the mines and rivers and is still in existence. 
The supply of anything which is currently produced may mean the normal output per unit of 
time. Thus it may be said that the world’s supply of wheat is over 200 million tons a year. The 
term is more likely to be used in this sense if stocks are small, as are stocks of wheat, compared 
with annual output. 
But supply may also mean the amount offered for sale per unit of time. In this sense, the 
concept of supply parallels that of demand. Just as the law of demand deals with the behaviour of 
consumers, as it is reflected in the relationship between the price and quantity purchased, so the 
law of supply deals with the behaviour of producers (sellers), as it is reflected in the relationship. 
The law of supply states: in the short-run time period, in a given market, other things being equal, 
the quantity of an item which is offered for sale varies directly with its price. 
1 How many meanings of the term “supply” does the author mention in this passage? 
What are they? 
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2 Explain the meaning of “the supply of gold”? 
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3 Give an example of when the term “supply” means the normal output per unit of time. 
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4 What relationship is mentioned in the law of supply? 
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5 What is the law of supply? 
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6 What influences both supply and demand? 
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7 Does the law of supply say that the price is the only thing that changes the supply? 
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Exercise 4: Translate the last paragraph of the text in Exercise 3 into Vietnamese 
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