Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 học kì II

 up, put off, put on, take off, take away, try on, turn down, work out, turn on, turn off......
2. Lo¹i 2: §éng tõ ®i víi mét giíi tõ vµ mét bæ ng÷ trùc tiÕp- ®©y lµ ngo¹i ®éng tõ. §èi víi nh÷ng côm ®éng tõ nµy kh«ng ®­îc t¸ch rêi hai phÇn cña côm ®éng tõ.
V + preposition +O
 She looks after her children properly
 3. Lo¹i 3: ®éng tõ kh«ng ®i víi bæ ng÷ trùc tiÕp - ®©y lµ néi ®éng tõ. Ta kh«ng ®­îc t¸ch rêi hai phÇn cña côm ®éng tõ. 
V + Adverb
Vd: break down , break up, get away, get by, go down, hold on, pass away, pass out, set off/ set out, stand out, take off....
4. LoaÞ 4: ®éng tõ bao gåm c¶ tr¹ng tõ vµ giíi tõ. Chóng lu«n cÇn mét bæ ng÷ trùc tiÕp. Ta kh«ng ®­îc t¸ch rêi c¸c phÇn cña côm ®éng tõ nµy. 
V + Adverb + preposition +O
catch up with, come up against, come up with, face up to, fall in with, get along/on with, get out of, look up to, make up for, put up with, run out of, stand up for, stand up to...
VI/ ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME
 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian là một mệnh đề phụ, bắt đầu bằng một trong những liên từ chỉ 
 thời gian như: when, whenever, while, before, after, as soon as, just after, since.
1. When: Động từ mệnh đề when chia thì đơn.
* When + S + hiện tại đơn, S + hiện tại đơn.
* When + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai tiếp diễn.
Whenever chỉ hành động thường xuyên ở hiện tại hoặc liên tục trong hiện tại.
Ex: Whenever it rains hard, I don’t go out. 
 When he opens the door, the dog runs into the house.
* When + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn: chỉ hai hành động xảy ra ở tương lai ( nhưng khi có liên từ chỉ thời gian thì tương lai đơn được thế bằng hiện tại đơn).
Ex: When you see him tomorrow, he will give you a note.
When you come to my office tomorrow, I will be sitting at my desk.
* When + S + hiện tại hoàn thành, S + tương lai đơn: để nhấn mạnh hành động 1 xảy ra hoàn toàn trước hành động 2 (vì có liên từ chỉ thời gian thì tương lai hoàn thành được thay thế bằng thì hiện tại 
hoàn thành).
 Ex: When I have finished my book, I will lend it to you.
* When + S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khú đơn: chỉ 2 việc xảy ra liên tục trong quá khứ.
Ex: When he opened the door, the dog ran into the house.
* When + S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ tiếp diễn: chỉ hành động 1 ngắn, hành động 2 kéo dài trong quá khứ
 Ex: When he came home yesterday, she was still sleeping.
* When + S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ hoàn thành: hành động 1 xảy ra sau, hành động 2 xảy ra trước.
Ex: When I arrived at the station yesterday, the bus had just left.
2. While: trong khi, động từ ở mệnh đề while luôn chia ở thì tiếp diễn.
* S + hiện tại đơn + while + S + hiện tại tiếp diễn.
Ex: He usually reads a newspaper while he is waiting for the bus.
* While + S + hiện tại tiếp diễn, S + tương lai đơn.
Ex: While we are studying tomorrow, our principal will come to see our class.
* S + quá khứ đơn + while + S + quá khứ tiếp diễn.
Ex: Yesterday he read a newspaper while he was waiting for me.
* S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ hoàn thành + while + S + quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn.
Ex: Yesterday I asked the librarian the book that the professor had recommended while he had been giving the history lesson.
3. Before: 
* Before + V_ing, S + V: khi 2 chủ từ giống nhau.
Ex: Before going to bed, I finished my homework.
* Before + S + quá khứ đơn, S + quá khứ hoàn thành: hành động 1 xảy ra sau, hành động 2 xảy ra trước.
Ex: Before I went to bed last night, I had finished my homework.
* Before + S + hiện tại đơn, S + hiện tại đơn: 2 hành động xảy ra liên tục, thường xuyên ở hiện tại.
Ex: Before I go to bed, I usually finish my homework.
* Before + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn: thì tương lai đơn được thế bằng thì hiện tại đơn vì có liên từ before.
Ex: Before you come tomorrow, I will finish my work.
Before + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai hoàn thành: nhấn mạnh hành động 2 hoàn thành trước hành động 1 ở tương lai.
 Ex: Before the manage comes back next week, we will have finished the project.
4. After, just after: 
* After + V_ ing, S + V: khi 2 chủ từ trong câu giống nhau.
Ex: After finishing my work, the officer went home.
* After + S + quá khứ hoàn thành, S + quá khứ đơn.
 Ex: After the worker had finished the work, he went home.
* After + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn.
Ex: After he finishes the work tomorrow, he will go home. 
* After + S + hiện tại hoàn thành, S + tương lai đơn: để nhấn mạnh sự việc 1 xảy ra hoàn thành trước sự việc 2 ở tương lai.
Ex: After I have passed the next exam, I will go on holiday. 
5. As soon as / Just as / Just after: ngay sau khi.
* As soon as / Just as / Just after + S + quá khứ hoàn thành + S + quá khứ đơn.
 As soon as / Just as / Just after + S + quá khứ đơn + S + quá khứ đơn.
Ex: As soon as / Just as / Just after he had got / got home, the bell rang.
* As soon as + S + hiện tại đơn, S + tương lai đơn: có as soon as thì tương lai đơn => hiện tại đơn.
Ex: As soon as he passes the exam next month, he will go on holiday.
* As soon as + S + hiện tại hoàn thành, S + tương lai đơn: để nhấn mạnh sự việc 1 hoàn tất trước sự việc 2.
Ex: As soon as he has finished his study, he will go for his holidays.
* As soon as + S + hiện tại đơn, (please) + V1! / don’t + V1!
Ex: As soon as he comes here, please phone me.
6. Since: 
* S + hiện tại hoàn thành + since + S + quá khứ đơn.
Ex: I have studied in this school since I moved to this town.
* S + hiện tại hoàn thành ( tiếp diễn ) + since + S + hiện tại hoàn thành ( tiếp diễn ): để nhấn mạnh sự việc còn tiếp tục đến hiện tại.
Ex: He has been selling the lottery since he has lived / has been living in this city.
7. No sooner  than: 
Hardly  when: vừa mới  thì.
* No sooner + had + S + V3 + than + S + quá khứ đơn.
* Hardly + had + S + V3 + when + S + quá khứ đơn.
Ex: No sooner had he come home than the telephone rang.
 Hardly had I arrived when it began to rain.
Exercise:
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES
1.Because I was sleepy, I took a nap. SO
2. It was cold, but I didn’t put on my coat HOWEVER
3. The nurse didn’t bring Mr Hill a glass of water even though he asked her 3 times. BUT
4. Because of his failure at the exam, Tim didn’t want to meet anyone. THEREFORE
5. Red is a bright color, but cat can’t see it. EVEN THOUGH
Complete the sentences. Use the comparative form of one of the words in the list.
 big early reliable serious thin
1. I was feeling tired last night, so I went to bed . than usual.
2. I’d like to have a _________________ car. The one I’ve got keeps breaking down.
3. Unfortunately, her illness was_________________ than we thought at first.
4. You look_________________. Have you lost weight?
5. I want a________________ flat. We don’t have enough space here.
Complete the sentences. Use a superlative (-est or most) or a comparative (-er or more)
1. We stay at the ______________ hotel in the town. (cheap)
2. Our hotel was ______________ than all the others in the town. (cheap)
3. The United States is very large but Canada is ______________. (large)
4. What’s the__________________ river in the world? (long)
5. What is the________________ sport in your country? (popular)
6. Everest is the_____________ mountain in the world. It is ______________ than any other mountains. (high)
7. We had a great holiday. It was one of the______________ holidays we’re ever had. (enjoyable)
8. I prefer this chair to the other one. It’s ______________ . (comfortable)
9. What’s the______________ way of getting from here to the station? (quick)
10. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have got three daughters. The______________ is 14 years old. (old)
Choose the best option that best completes each sentence:
1. He is not______________ tall as his father.
 A. the	 	B. as	 	C. than 	D. more
2. John’s grades are_____________than his sister’s.
 A. higher	B. more high	C. more higher	D. the highest
3. Deana is the_______________ of the three sisters.
 A. most short	B. shorter 	C. shortest	 	D. more short
4. She speaks English as_____________ as her friend does.
 A. good 	B. well 	C. better 	D. the best
5. Of the three shirts, this one is the_____________ .
 A. prettier	B. most prettiest	C. prettiest 	D. most pretty
Rewrite the following sentences using double comparative.
1. We got close to the fire. we felt warm
2. If the knife is sharp, it is easy to cut something with.
3.Bill talked very fast. I became confused.
4. Last year, when I met Mary, she was ugly.Now she has become very beautiful.
5. Whe you blow up a ballon, at first it small, the it becomes quite big.
Choose the most appropriate preposition to fill in each blank.
up after on off in
1. I’d like to listen to some music. Would you please turn the radio..?
2.Please try to give. smoking. It is not good for your health.
3. Don’t put. your homework anymore. the deadline is coming.
4. When I was young, my uncle looked. me because my parents were abroad.
5. Before you enter the class, you need to fill this form so that we can have your personal information.
Rewrite the following sentences using the suggested word in the bracket.
1.Is it true that you haven’t found a job yet? ( looking)
2. I can just about live on this a mount of money. ( get)
3. You mustn’t allow your troubles to depress you, you know. ( get)
4. I can’t stand his behavior to me any more. (put)
5. This is one of the biggest problems historians have ever faced.( come)
6. All the pupils respect their teacher. (look)
7. I’m thinking about my next holiday with pleasure. (look)
8. She is always quareling with her brother. ( get)
9. The sheep kicked the gun by accident and it fired. (go)
10.You don’t need to wear your rain coat. it is so hot here. ( take)