Các thì dùng trong tiếng Anh

chool. 
She will have put on some make-up prior to the time her boyfriend comes tonight. 
B- THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN 
Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động sẽ đang xảy ra trong tương lai và sẽ kết thúc trước 1 hành động khác trong tương lai. 
CHỦ TỪ + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + ĐỘNG TỪ THÊM -ING 
He will have been studying for four hours by the time he takes his examination tonight. 
Kevin Khôi Trương 
================================================= 
----------------- 
SIMPLE PRESENT 
Tóm tắt: 
Present simple để chỉ: 
1) Sự việc xảy ra trong hiện tại 
2) Những sự thật hiển nhiên, sự việc lập đi lập lại hằng ngày: Thí dụ: Trái đất quay xung quanh mặt trời. 
Hằng ngày tôi thức dậy lúc 7 giờ sáng 
3) Những động từ không ảnh hưởng đến thời gian: động từ tĩnh (static verbs) 
To belong to, to cost, to know, to believe, to like, 
to love, to mean, to see, to understand ... 
I (dis)like / love / hate / want that girl 
I believe / suppose / think you’re right 
I hear / see / feel the world around us 
It tastes / smells good 
4) Sau những liên từ WHEN, AS SOON AS 
5) THỂ NGHI VẤN: 
Thêm đằng trước DO hay DOES (ngôi thứ 3 số ít) 
6) THỂ PHỦ ĐỊNH: 
thêm DON"T , DOESN"T 
__________________ 
The simple present is used to express actions which take place in the present or which occur regularly (Things that happen repetedly) . 
It also serves to express general or absolute statements not anchored in a particular time frame (Things in general) 
I work at home. 
The earth revolves around the sun 
Politics are a dirty business. 
Jill speaks four languages fluently. 
I get up at seven o’clock every morning 
Mrs. Smith teaches English at my school 
On Sundays, we like to fish. 
INTERROGATIVE FORM 
In the interrogative, the present is generally introduced by a form of the verb "to do" ("do / does"): 
Does your father like to cook? 
Do you have time to stop by my place? 
NEGATIVE FORM 
The appropriate form of the verb "to do" will also be used for the negative: 
I do not (don"t) work at home. 
No, he does not (doesn"t) like to cook. 
AFTER WHEN AS SOON AS ... 
After the conjunctions "when," "as soon as," etc., the present is used, even though actions expressed may refer to the future: 
She"ll come when she can. 
He"ll pay us as soon as we finish. 
Forming the simple present 
The present is extremely regular in its conjugation. As a general rule, one uses the base form of the infinitive (minus the preposition "to"). 
For the third person singular ("he," "she," "it"), an "-s" is added if the verb ends in a consonant, 
or "-es" if the verb ends with a vowel: 
To work 
I work 
you work 
he / she / it works 
we work 
they work 
To go 
I go 
you go 
he / she / it goes 
we go 
they go 
However: 
verbs ending with "consonant + y" (for example, "to try," "to cry," "to bury," etc.) will end in "-ies" in the third person singular: 
To bury 
I bury 
you bury 
he / she buries 
we bury 
they bury 
"To have", "to be" 
The only irregular verbs in the present are "to have," "to be," and the modal verbs. 
To have 
I have 
you have 
he / she has 
we have 
they have 
To be 
I am 
you are 
he / she is 
we are 
they are 
PRESENT CONTINUOUS 
TÓM TẮT 
1) Để nói sự vật xảy ra trong lúc ta đang nói chuyện 
2) Nói một việc mà ta đã chuẩn bị để làm. 
Một tương lai chắc chắn đã soạn sẵn 
3) Những động từ tĩnh trong ý nghĩa hiện tại 
____________________________ 
1* To say that st is happening at or around the time of speaking 
2* you are talking about what you have already arranged to do 
3* Les verbes statistiques dans le sens du présent simple 
*** 
1) 
Don’t interrupt while I’m talking to somebody else 
Please be quiet, I’m watching a good programme 
He’s trying to get the car to start /Not now, I’m thinking 
2) 
I can’t meet you tomorrow because my parents are coming to see me 
What are you doing tomorrow evening ? 
- I’m going to the theatre 
This is Tom’s diary for next week: 
he’s playing tennis on Monday, he’s going to the dentist on Tuesday, he’ having dinner on Friday... 
3) 
What are you thinking about ? 
We’re not seeing a lot of him these days 
Are you not feeling well today ? 
We’re tasting the wine to see if it’s alright 
------------------------------- 
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 
I have been doing 
You have been doing 
He has been doing 
We have been doing 
You have been doing 
They have been doing 
TÓM TẮT: 
Để nói một hành động kéo dài trong quá khứ và VỪA MỚI ngừng. 
Để hỏi việc xảy ra bao nhiêu lâu trong quá khứ và ta hứng thú câu chuyện: hành động chưa chấm dứt. 
************************** 
This tense is formed with the modal "HAVE" or "HAS" (for third-person singular subjects) plus "BEEN," plus the present participle of the verb (with an -ing ending): 
1* To talk about a long action which began in the past and has just stopped. 
2* To ask or say how long st has been happened. The action began in the past & is still happening or has just stopped 
how long ; for ( for 5 years ; for over an hour ); since ; today ; recently ; 
3* For actions repeated over a period of time ( how long ; for ; since ) 
*** To say how long st has been happening . 
*** We are interested in the action : the action has not been finished . 
1* I have been working in the garden all morning. 
George has been painting that house for as long as I can remember. 
You"re out of breath . Have you been running ? 
She has been running and her heart is still beating fast. 
Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing ? 
That man over there is bright red. I think he"s been sunbathing. 
Janet is hot and tired . She has been playing tennis. 
Ann is very tired . She has been working hard 
It has just been raining. 
2* It is raining now. It began to rain 2 hours ago and it is still raining . It has been raining for 2 hours 
Have you been working hard today ? 
How long have you been learning English ? 
I"ve been waiting here for over an hour 
I"ve been watching TV since two 2 o"clock . 
George hasn"t been feeling well recently. 
3* She has been playing tennis since she was eight 
How long have you been smoking ? 
It"s raining : How long has it been raining ? 
My foot is hurting : How long has your foot been hurting ? 
Kevin is studying He has been studying for 3 hours 
Mary is working in London . She started working there on 20 May . She has been working since 20 May. 
------------------------ 
SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS 
I was doing 
You were doing 
He was doing 
We were doing 
You were doing 
They were doing 
TÓM TẮT: 
Hành động kéo dài, tiếp tục, ở một thời điểm nào đó trong quá khứ 
Để nói hành động kéo dài, đang ở giữa công việc, trong một thời gian nào đó. Không cho biết khi nào chấm dứt. 
********************************* 
1* The PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE indicates continuing action, something that was happening, going on, at some point in the past. This tense is formed with the helping "to be" verb, in the past tense, plus the present participle of the verb (with an -ing ending): 
2* To say that someone was in the middle of doing something at a certain time. 
3* To say that st happend in the middle of st. 
4* It doesn"t tell us wether an action was finished or not. 
5* To tell how long something has been happening 
Examples: 
1* I was riding my bike all day yesterday. 
Joel was being a terrible role model for his younger brother. 
Dad was working in his garden all morning. 
During the mid-50s, real estate speculators were buying all the swampland in Central Florida, and innocent people were investing all their money in bogus development projects. 
Was he being good to you? 
2* This time last year I was living in Spain. What were you doing at 10 o"clock last night ? 
3* Tom burnt his hand when he was cooking the lunch 
While I was working in the garden , I hurt my back. 
I saw Jim in the park. He was sitting on the grass. 
It was raining when I got up . 
Carlos lost his watch while he was running.I was sleeping on the couch when Bertie smashed through the door. 
5* Tom was cooking the dinner . (He was in the middle of cooking, we don"t know wether he finished or not). 
COMPARE: 
When Tom arrived, 
- we were having dinner. (We had already started dinner before Tom arrived ) 
- we had dinner ( Tom arrived and we had dinner ) 
You"ve been smoking too much recently. You should smoke less. 
Ann has been writing letters all day. 
------------------------- 
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS 
TÓM TẮT: 
Để diễn tả một hành động kéo dài, ĐÃ CHẤM DỨT ở một thời diểm trong quá khứ. 
Không có Past perfect progressive cho "To be". "Had been Being" được diễn tả bằng "Had been" . 
*** 
THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE indicates a continuous action that was completed at some point in the past. 
This tense is formed with the modal "HAD" plus "BEEN," plus the present participle of the verb (with an -ing ending): 
"I had been working in the garden all morning. George had been painting his house for weeks, but he finally gave up." 
I hadn"t been going 
You hadn"t been going 
He hadn"t been going 
We hadn"t been going 
You hadn"t been going 
They hadn"t been going 
To say how long st had been happening before something else happened 
It had been raining (the sun was shining and the ground was wet it had stopped raining. ) 
I was very tired when I arrived home , I had been working hard all day 
He was out of breath . He had been running 
The house was quiet when I got home. Everybody had gone to bed. 
Tom wasn"t there when I arrived : he had just gone out 
The man was a complete st ranger to me . I had never seen before. 
Bill no longer had his car: he had sold it 
NOTE: 
There is no past perfect progressive for the "to be" verb. "Had been being" is expressed simply as "had been": 
"We had been successful before, but we somehow lost our knack."