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as when we ..........were.... (10. be) little children.
 (bai dich: )
11. These days, people who ......do..... (do) manual work often .....recieve...... (recieve)
far more money than clerks who .........work....... (work) in offices. People who work in
offices .....are...... (be) frequently referred to as " white collar workers" for the simple reason
that they usually .......wear........ (wear) a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature
that a great many people .....are..... (be) often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the
priviledge of becoming white collar workers. This can give rise to curious situations, as it did
in the case of Alfred Bloggs who ......worked.... (work) as a dustman for the Elesmere
Corporation. When he got married, he simply .....told...... (tell ) his wife that he ...... worked
........ (work) for the Corporation. Luckily, Alfred has just found another job he soon .......will
be soon working.... (work) in an office as a junior clerk.
12. It is not necessary to go abroad in order to n something new about the world. In
our own city, even in our own village, there.........are......... (be) probly a great deal to be
learnt, and certainly no one .....has seen...... (see) all that is beautiful or interesting in his
own country. We can usually see mountains that we ......have not climbed...... (not climb)
yet, and if we ....... reach...... (reach) the top of one we shall see another in the distance. If
we ....walk........... (walk) along the river, we ......will find....... (find) stream running into it
and ......wonder...... (wonder) where they ......come..... (come) from. Every valley.......gives.
..... (give) us a new view. Even on a short walk we may see birds and trees and flowers of
which we .....do not know....... (not know) the names.
13. Smoking ......causes........ (cause ) lung cancer. Lung cancer is the number one
cancer among men. Ninety percent of the people who ...... get..... (get) lung cancer ........die.
.... (die). Smokers have six time as much cancer of the mouth, tongue, and throat as
nonsmokers. Smoking .....gives..... (give) people breathing problems. It also ......harms......
(harm) the stomach. Smoking causes one million yearly deaths in the world every year.
Throughout the world, women .....live.....(live) longer . Why ? because men .....smoke.....
(smoke) more. All of these facts from research ......show..... (show) that smoking is bad. So
why ....does....people ......smoke..... (smoke)? Young people start smoking because everyone
else .....smokes...... (smoke). They feel grown up and independent.
14.
 In the relatively short span of twenty five years there has been an incredible evolution
in the size and capabilities of computers. Today, computers smaller than the tip of your
fingernail .... have ...(have) the same capabilities as room_sized machines of twenty five
years ago. The first computers .....were.... (be) developed around 1945. They were so large
that they .........required...... (require) special air-conditioned rooms. About twenty years
later, in the 1960s, desk-sized computers were developed. This .......represented....... (
represent) a gigantic advance. Before the end of that same decade, however, a third
generation of computers, which .....used..... (use) simple integrated circuits and which ......
were....... (be) even smaller and faster, ........had appeared......... (appear). In 1971, the first
microprocessor, less than one square centimeter in size, .......was....... (be ) developed.
Today, electronic engineers ....predict.. (predict ) that even smaller and more sophisticated
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computers ....will have been...... (be) on the market before the end of this decade.
 * Chú ý, chỉ về mốc thời gian cụ thể trong t-ơng, lai và hành động có kết quả ở thời điểm đó, ta sẽ
sử dụng t-ơng lai hoàn thành.
 Sử dụng thì hoàn thành khi nhấn mạnh kết quả, hoặc có sử dụng các giới từ chỉ thời gian: since,
before...
15.
 Language is one of man's most precious possessions (tai san) Without it, he .......would be....
(be) unable to exchange ideas with his fellow men (nhung nguoi ban). In the Middle Ages,
Latin...was... (be) the universal language. Most university classes were conducted in Latin,
and all important documents .....were.... (be) written in that language. Gradually, however,
Latin ....fell..... (fall) into disuse (khong dung den), and by the 18 th century, French ..had
became... (become) the language of diplomacy. Today, however English is commonly used
to transact international affairs. For this reason, English .. is ... (be) referred to as a universal
language.
 There are various reason why English ...... has come... (come) to occupy the
important position it.....does.... (do) today. The few dialects in English....give... (give)
advantage of being a standard language. In addition, English has ambiguities that are found
in many other mordern tongues. This ....makes..... (make) it ideal for the transaction of
business and international affairs.
 * would be: vì đó là câu giả định, không có thật...
 had become: vì đó là câu nhấn mạnh kết quả trong quá khứ, by the 18 th centure... vào thế kỷ 18...
16. Children's education is changing very rapidly today. In the past, teachers .... made
 ..... (make) children sit still for hours. They made them memorise all sorts of things. Today,
many teachers ....wonder... (wonder) if it ..is not ... (not be) possible to make children learn
at all. They ...say.... (say) they can only help them to learn. They say you must let children
learn and discover things for themselves. For some children, school ...is... (be) a kind of
prison. They are at school only because their parents make them go. They get out of the
classroom as soon as the teacher ......let... (let) them leave. Many of them want to find jobs
but the law ......doesn't let... (not let) them work until they ..... reach... (reach) a certain age.
And so, they .....have .... (have) to stay in school. Often, they all......hate.... (hate) every
moment.
* Noi ve mot hien thuc o hien tai, da so cau deu chia o thi hien tai......
17.
today I'd like to begin a discussion on the problem of the heating up of the earth. First,
we....will touch.. (touch) on the relationship between flourocarbons and the ozone layer. You
probaly ......remember.. (remember) that the ozeon layer .....is... (be) protective shield around
the earth. It is important to all life because it ....filters.. (filter) our harmful ultraviolet light
from the sun ozone itself, a form of oxygen, is regularly made by the action of the sun in the
upper atmosphere. It ..is being... (be) also regularly destroyed by natural chemical processes.
The problem now is that too much of the ozone layer ....being.. (be) destroyed. Scientists ......
suspect.... (suspect) chemicals such as fluorocarbons, .......are contributting........ (contribute)
to this depletion of the ozone. How do we ..use.... (use) fluorocarbons accounts for some of
the ozone losses that ..have been .. (be) reported. There are now studies linking the sun itself
to the depletion of the ozone layer.
18.
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My most embarrassing experience happened when I had just left university. I have
just....started.... (start) teaching in a Liverpool secondary school. One moring my alarm
clock ..........didn't ring..... (not ring) .......... (forget) to wind it up. I woke up at haft past
eight and school .....began....... (begin) at 9. I quickly washed shaved, dressed, jumped into
my car and .....drove..... (drive) to school. When I arrived, the students had already .......been
.... (be) in class. I didn't go to the staffroom but .........went... (go) straight into the class.
After 2 or 3 minites the students .......began... (begin) laughing and i couldn't understand
why. Suddenly I .....looked..... (look) down and understood I ........had put..... (put) on one
black shoe and one brown shoe.
19.
Yesterday afternoon, Tom ......had.... (have) a letter from his sister, who lives in
Canberra. He .....has not seen...... (not see) her since she ......moved.... (move) to Australia.
Through her letter, Tom knows that she is coming to England next year. If she ......comes.....
(come), she ......will get....... (get) a surprise. Tom and his family are now living in a
beautiful new house in the country. The house .......was....... (be) completed five months
ago. Tom.....wants....... (want) her to stay with his family. The house has many large rooms
which are well decorated. He wants to show her everything he ....has bought....... (buy)
recently. He thinks she .....will.... (be) pleased to see lovely garden behind the house. It is a
very modem house, so it ...looks.... (look) strange to some people. It must be the only
modem house in the district.
20. Natural resources are the materials that we......need..... (need) to run our
society. They .......come..... (come) from the rocks, the oceans, and tdhe tissues of the
animals and plants that ....live..... (live) on the earth with us. These materials .....are.... (be)
used directly, or processed and shaped into house hold products, clothes, machinery,
building ...ect. The thousands of different materials that we ........need.... (need) to maintain
our standard of living can be classified into renewable and non-renewable resources. The
former ......includes....... (include) cotton, tree, rubber, animals and cellulose. With proper
management, such resources .......... (be) available for man's use infefinitely for example as
long as sufficient water, food and care ............ (be) made available animal populations such
as sheep and cattle ............... (continue) to grow and reproduce.
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