198 test bank for organizational behaviour understanding and managing life at work 8th edition johns

mployees attain their goals, they are likely to 
A) ask the manager to set a new goal
B) set the same goal
C) set lower goals
D) stop setting goals
E) set even higher and more challenging goals
If an organization decides to use personality tests in the hiring of employees in order to improve employee satisfaction and performance, what approach to organizational behaviour are they following? 
A) situational approach
B) interactionist approach
C) dispositional approach
D)testing approach
E) military approach
The most difficult tactic for a manager to use effectively is 
A) negative reinforcement.
B) punishment.
C) modeling.
D) extinction.
E) positive reinforcement.
The idea of triadic reciprocal causation has its basis in 
A) social cognitive theory
B) employee recognition programs
C) organizational behaviour modification
D) behaviour modelling training
E) operant learning theory
According to behavioural plasticity theory, 
A)people's behaviour will only change when their self-esteem is threatened.
B) people with low self-esteem are more susceptible to external and social influences.
C) people with high self-esteem are more likely to benefit from external and social influences.
D)people's self-esteem can easily be changed in response to external and social influences.
E) the best way to change people's behaviour is to use external and social influence.
Luke has just described to trainees a set of well-defined behaviours to be learned. What does he need to do next? 
A) provide feedback and social reinforcement to trainees
B) take steps to maximize the transfer of those behaviours to the job
C) provide a model or models displaying the effective use of those behaviours
D) provide opportunities for trainees to practise using those behaviours
E) take necessary steps that are required to achieve an individual's goals and career plans
The book described a company that posted a feedback chart in the workplace to indicate the percentage of safe behaviours observers noted every three days. Which of the following is not true about this practice? 
A) The posting of safe behaviours every three days is essentially a delayed, continuous reinforcement strategy.
B) It was an example of positive reinforcement.
C) It was an example of self-regulation.
D) The scheme was designed to improve safe working practices.
E) It was an example of organizational behaviour modification.
Stop reinforcement to ________ a behaviour. 
A) punish
B) extinguish
C) model
D)learn
E) strengthen
Luke has just described a set of well-defined behaviours to be learned. What is he doing? 
A) organizational behaviour modification
B) career development
C) behaviour modelling training
D) self-regulation
E) career planning
Which of the following represents the most effective punishment strategy? 
A) Delayed
B) Intermittent
C) Partial
D) Continuous
E) This question cannot be answered accurately as stated.
True - False Questions - Page 1
Locus of control is not a personality dimension. 
True
False
Under self-regulation, employees in effect reinforce themselves. 
True
False
By definition, all rewards that organizations provide for employees are reinforcers.
True
False
Altruism is one of the "Big 5" personality dimensions. 
True
False
Self-esteem, self-monitoring, locus of control, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability are all examples of personality characteristics or dimensions.
True
False
In social cognitive theory, a model is a person who imitates another person's behaviour. 
True
False
In technical terms, to extinguish some behaviour, just stop reinforcement. 
True
False
The "Big 5" refers to five distinct dimensions of personality. 
True
False
Money, feedback, and social recognition together have the strongest effect on task performance. 
True
False
Self-regulation is closely related to the concept of social cognition. 
True
False
Being a high self-monitor means that you observe only yourself and no one else. 
True
False
Agreeableness means that a person tends to be friendly and approachable. 
True
False
Bobby praises every good report his employee produces. This is an example of a partial reinforcement strategy. 
True
False
Core self-evaluations are related to job satisfaction but not life satisfaction. 
True
False
An important implication of the situational approach is that some personality characteristics are useful in certain organizational situations. 
True
False
A good indication of whether or not an individual believes he or she can succeed at a variety of tasks is their general self-efficacy. 
True
False
The very fastest acquisition of behaviour will occur under continuous and delayed reinforcement. 
True
False
If you believe that you are being controlled by internal forces, you are an external locus of control person. 
True
False
Having high self-esteem means that you have a negative self-evaluation. 
True
False
Behavioural plasticity has to do with how external and social influences can change people's self-esteem. 
True
False
The imitation of a prominent model (such as a successful and respected CEO) is an example of social cognitive theory. 
True
False
Negative reinforcement is a technical term for punishment. In fact, they both mean the same thing. 
True
False
According to the dispositional approach, individuals possess stable traits or characteristics that influence their attitudes and behaviours. 
True
False
People who have high negative affectivity experience more stressful conditions at work and report higher levels of workplace stress. 
True
False
Personality is a relatively new idea in organizational behaviour research. 
True
False
It is probably easier for managers to learn to use positive reinforcement effectively than to use punishment effectively. 
True
False
Punishment is most effective when it is delivered according to a partial and delayed schedule. 
True
False
The effects of organizational behaviour modification on task performance tend to be strongest in service organizations. 
True
False
General self-efficacy is a stable personal disposition that reflects a tendency to effect positive change in one's environment. 
True
False
The dispositional approach is the most widely accepted perspective within organizational behaviour. 
True
False
Personality is the unstable set psychological characteristics that influences the way an individual interacts with the environment. 
True
False
60 Free Test Bank for Organizational Behaviour Understanding and Managing Life at Work 8th Edition Johns True - False Questions - Page 2
In order to provide effective performance feedback, a manager should provide employees with informal acknowledgement, attention, praise, approval, and genuine appreciation for work well done. 
True
False
Extinction is accomplished by terminating reinforcement. 
True
False
Positive affect is a key factor that links happiness to success in life and at work. 
True
False
Negative reinforcement and punishment produce similar results but through different processes. 
True
False
Negative reinforcement is more effective than punishment in stopping unwanted behaviours. 
True
False
In theory, both punishment and extinction should have a similar impact on the probability of behaviour occurring. 
True
False
If a manager wants to use performance feedback to change employee behaviour, he/she should convey it after the employee has had some time to think about the performance in question. 
True
False
A manager who wants to use performance feedback should provide quantitative but not qualitative information on past performance. 
True
False
When individuals attain their goals, they are likely to set even higher and more challenging goals. 
True
False
Punishment is the easiest operant technique to use effectively. 
True
False
Social recognition and performance feedback are the same thing. 
True
False
The modeling process is an example of social cognitive theory. 
True
False
The effect of money on performance is greater when it is part of a pay-for-performance program than organizational behaviour modification. 
True
False
In learning terms, attractive, high status people are often effective models. 
True
False
The first step of behaviour modelling training is to provide a model or models displaying the effective use of behaviours to be learned. 
True
False
According to operant learning theory, human behaviour can best be explained through a system of triadic reciprocal causation. 
True
False
Employees who have higher negative affectivity have been found to be more creative at work. 
True
False
Performance feedback is most effective when it is represented verbally in written form. 
True
False
Performance feedback is most effective when it is represented visually in a graph or chart form. 
True
False
Delayed reinforcement results in slowly learned but persistent behaviour. 
True
False
Money has been found to have stronger effects than social recognition and performance feedback in organizational behaviour modification. 
True
False
Self-regulation involves both discrepancy reduction and discrepancy production. 
True
False
Ironically, the best models in learning terms behave in a subtle and forgettable manner. 
True
False
Punishment stops unwanted behaviours most effectively when it is mild and accompanied by presents or rewards. 
True
False
High self-monitors experience less role stress. 
True
False
Conscientiousness is the strongest predictor of all of the "Big Five" dimensions of overall job performance. 
True
False
Negative reinforcers increase the probability of a behaviour occurring. 
True
False
Behaviour modelling training is based on organizational behaviour modification. 
True
False
Under the concept of self-regulation, an employee reinforces his or her own behaviour. 
True
False