Trọng âm trong tiếng Anh

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It is obvious(that) he is right. 
4.“that”không thể bỏ khi làm từ nối dẫn ra mệnh đề đồng vị hay mệnh đề làm bổ ngữ.　
The news that our team has won the match is true.　　
My idea is that we should get more comrades to do t he work. 
5.“that”không thể bỏ khi làm từ nối dẫn ra mệnh đề bổ ngữ cho tân ngữ “it” mà động từ chính trong câu là : make , find , see ....
　We find it necessary that he will succeed.　
　He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 
6.“that”không thể bỏ khi làm chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề phụ tính ngữ.　
　All that have to do is to practise every day.
　That’s the same man that asked me for money yesterd ay.
Note : Nếu làm tân ngữ có thể bỏ . 　
The letter(that) I received was from my father. 
7.Trong cấu trúc nhấn mạnh “ It is / was...that” thì “that”không thể bỏ .　
　It is English that Professor Hoang teaches us.　
　It was in Workers’ Cinema that I saw the film. 
HD
"Very" - 7 điều tối kỵ
I.“very” Không bổ nghĩa cho tính từ và phó từ cấp so sánh hơn .Thường dùng các từ sau :much ,still ,even ,far -ví dụ :
incorrect：Jim is very taller than Kate .
correct：Jim is much taller than Kate .
incorrect：It was hot yesterday , but it is very hotter today . 
correct：It was hot yesterday , but it is still/even hotter today .
incorrect：This film is very better than that one .
correct：This film is far better than that one .
II.“very” không bổ nghĩa cho động từ .Bổ nghĩa cho động từ phải dùng :a lot , a litte , very much - ví dụ :
incorrect：I very like English .
correct：I like English very much .
incorrect：Mrs Brown very likes meat .
correct：Mrs Brown likes meat a lot .
III .“very” Không bổ nghĩa cho các từ: “alive ,asleep ,awake ,alone” khi chúng làm thành phần bổ ngữ của câu .
incorrect：I am very awake at the moment .
correct：I am wide awake at the moment .
incorrect：The students are still very asleep .
correct：The students are still fast asleep .
incorrect：I was very alone in the house last night .
correct：I was all alone in the house last night .
IV.Không dùng “very”nhấn mạnh phó từ và kết cấu giới từ .Trường hợp đó thường dùng : “right” hoặc “well” . “very” chỉ dùng nhấn mạnh tính từ .
incorrect：I looked for my pen here and there , but it was very in my pocket .
correct：I looked for my pen here and there , but it was right in my pocket .
incorrect：This book is very worth reading .
correct：This book is well worth reading .
V. không dùng “very” nhấn mạnh cấu trúc “too ＋ tính từ / phó từ” , mà phải dùng “much , all”
incorrect：This shirt is very too large for me .
correct：This shirt is much too large for me .
incorrect：Our English teacher speaks very too fast .
correct：Our English teacher speaks all too fast .
VI.không dùng “very” thay thế “so” và “too” trong các cấu trúc “sothat” ,“tooto” 
incorrect：He is very young to go to work .
correct：He is too young to go to work .
incorrect：I’m very tired that I can’t walk a bit .
correct：I’m so tired that I can’t walk a bit .
VII.không dùng “very” trong câu cảm thán .
incorrect：What very bad weather !
correct：What bad weather !
incorrect：How very hard the students are working !
correct：How hard the students are working !
HD
11 trường hợp - Không dùng “ Which” 
1.Phía trước là “all, little, much, few, everything, none “ thì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which”. 
I will tell him all that you told me at the ball. 
There are few books that you can read in this book store. 
2.Từ được thay thế phía trước vừa có người vừa có vật thì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which”. 
He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited. 
3.Từ được thay thế phía trước có định ngữ là tính từ ở cấp so sánh hơn nhấtthì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which”. 
This is the best novel that I have ever read. 
Guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that I have ever visited. 
4.Từ được thay thế phía trước có định ngữ là số thứ tựthì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which”. 
The first sight that was caught at the Great Wall has made a lasting impression on him.
5.Từ được thay thế phía trước có định ngữ là “the only, the very, the same, the right” thì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which”. 
That is the very thing that we can do. 
It is the only book that he bought himself. 
6.Từ được thay thế phía trước có định ngữ là “all, every, any, much, little, few, no” thì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which”. 
You can take any room that you like. 
There is no clothes that fit you here. 
7.Trong câu hỏi (Mệnh đề chính ) mở đầu bằng “which” thì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which” Làm từ nối .
Which of the books that had pictures was worth reading? 
8.Trong câu nhấn mạnh " It is ... that ..." thì dùng “that” mà không dùng “which” Làm từ nối .
It is in this room that he was born twenty years ago. 
9.Trong câu dùng cấu trúc " such (the same) ... as ..." dùng từ nối “as” không dùng “which”. 
We need such materials as (not which) can bear high temperature. 
10.Diễn tả ý “giống như.....”dùng từ nối “as” không dùng “which”. 
Mary was late again, as had been expected. 
11. “As + câu phụ định ngữ” có thể đặt trước - trong - hoặc sau mệnh đề chính , Nhưng “which + câu phụ định ngữ” chỉ có thể đặt sau mệnh đề chính .
As we all know, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth. 
HD
Until hay before
1.Cơ sở phân biệt :
“Until” và “before” đều là liên từ , vì vậy dựa thuần tuý vào cấu trúc 
khó phân biệt được mà phải dựa vào các yếu tố khác .
- Động từ trong mệnh đề chính mang ý nghĩa kéo dài hay không kéo dài .
I waited until he returned.
I shaved before I went to the party.
- Động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở dạng khẳng định hay phủ định .
(1)The children will come back before it is dark. 
(2)The children won't come back until/before it is dark. 
- Sự việc trong mệnh đề phụ hiện thực hay không hiện thực .
Let's wait until the rain stops.
pig will fly before he'll become a mathematician.
- Dựa vào ý nghĩa của toàn câu .
(1)We discussed the problem until/before he came back.(Chúng tôi thảo luận đến lúc anh ấy về) 
(2)We didn't discuss the problem until he came back.(Đến khi anh ấy về chúng tôi mới thảo luận ) 
2.Thực tế ngôn ngữ :
-Dùng được cả hai (until hoặc before )
(1)The noise of the street didn't stop until/before it was midnight. 
(2)The children won't come back until/before it is dark. 
(3)I didn't leave the lovely boy until/before his mother came home. 
(1)He lived with his parents until/before he graduated from school. 
(2)I will wait until/before he comes to my help. 
(3)I shall stay heer until/before you come back. 
-Chỉ dùng “before” :
(1)He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes. 
(2)We arrived there before it atarted to rain. 
(3)The holiday came to the end befor I knew it. 
(1)It was quite some time before he found the elephant at all. 
(2)We had walked a long way before we found some water. 
(3)We had sailed for two days before we saw the land. 
(1)We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot. 
(2)I must write it down before I forget it. 
(3)We do want to buy something now before prices go up. 
(1)I would give up my job before I'd agree to be dismissed. 
(2)He will die of hunger before he will steal. 
(1)It was not long before the whole country rose up. 
(2)It will probably not be long before they understand each other. 
(1)I hope to finish the work before he arrives.
(2)I had not been there long before his arrival.
(3)I had not been there long before / when he arrived.
-Chỉ dùng “until”
(1)It was not until he told me that I knew it. 
(2)It was not until he finished his homework that he went home.
Động từ vị ngữ ở số nhiều hay số ít
Danh từ chỉ một tập hợp làm chủ ngữ : Nếu ý chỉ tổng thể thì động từ vị ngữ ở số ít . Nếu ý chỉ các thành viên tạo thành tập hợp đó thì động từ vị ngữ ở số nhiều .
So sánh các ví dụ sau:
His family are waiting for him. 
But the man's family was small-only himself and his wife. 
One third of the population here are workers. 
The population of the earth is increasing every year. 
The team is well organized. 
The team are all tough players. 
All the class were jumping with joy. 
The class is made up of 54 students. 
The young couple is happy. 
The young couple are quarrelling with each other. 
The village is at the foot of the mountain. 
All the village are out to greet him.
Look alike.....but not alike
(1)Break up
(1) The farmer broke up some disused boxes for firewood.
(2) The police will come to break up the crowd. 
(3) Can you break up "inevitability" into proper syllables? 
(4) The two -hour meeting between the political leaders and the student demonstrators broke up in confusion. 
(2)Pick up
(5) Please pick up the parcel for the lady. 
(6) Janet hopes to pick up a foreign language. 
(7) The taxi-driver stopped to pick up a passenger. 
(8) In spite of acute regional competition, our economy is picking up
(9) The old man has been ill for some time, but he is now picking up
(3)Make up
(10) No one was interested in the story that the teacher had made up. 
(11) Betty forgot to make up her shopping list. 
(12) Have you made up your mind on that matter? 
(13) Some students have to make up the lessons they have missed. 　　
(14) The two neighbous have made up their recent quarrel . 
(15) "Wait a minute! I haven't made up my face yet, " said Laina. 
(4)Turn out
(16) Tree branches turn out, not bend in. 
(17) Some factories have turned out new products. 
(18) He is a bully. Turn him out! 
(19) Turn out your pockets to let me see how much money is left.
(20) All the students turned out to get a glimpse of the distinguished 
visitor. 
(21) The document turned out to be false. 
(22) Our universities have turned out many graduates. 
(5)Get round.
(23) Joelle tried to get round her father to buy her a toy. 
(24) No one can get round paying his income tax.
(25) Our technician will get the video tape recoder round to you soon. 
(26) I just don't have the time to get round to all the inquiry letters received.