Tổng hợp các đề thi và bài luận mẫu writing task 2 ielts

ion. When goods are transported thousands of miles by 
road, sea and air, it increases pollution from exhaust fumes. 
To put it in a nutshell, I pen down saying that, importing goods has both merits and 
demerits but the pros outweigh the cons. 
(by Surjit) 
The global economy refers to the increasing integration of a fragmented national market for goods and services into a single 
global market. Kenichi Ohmae (1989), a Japanese consultant, calls global economy as the borderless world. There are many 
advantages and disadvantages of transporting goods over a long distance. In my opinion, the advantages outweigh the 
disadvantages. 
Adam Smith, the Scottish economist and philosopher, stated that countries traded, because they had an absolute advantage. 
One nation’s workers could produce a given product more efficiently than workers in other countries. Rather than produce 
those products that it could produce but poorly, a country could specialize and exchange those products it produce efficiently 
for those produced efficiently by another country and, therefore, increase its overall wealth. The braking down of global 
barriers allows companies to benefit from the largest and cheapest workforces, raw materials and technology. 
Other advantages that companies benefit from include: the opportunity for smaller companies to expand globally quicker, 
having more choice when recruiting a workforce and lastly the opportunity to target a large customer base. A global economy 
would also help in promoting international co-operative and piece. If countries are dependent upon one another’s economic 
success then armed conflict would be less likely. 
One disadvantage of transporting goods and services across nations is that it has lead to the emission of green house gases. It 
has also resulted in the loss of domestic jobs as certain labor-intensive industries tend to shift their production from developed 
countries to developing countries where wages are lower. 
To put it in a nutshell, it can be said that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages as we get more variety, more options, 
and it improves relationships between countries. 
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44. 6-12-2008 
Memorization of information by frequent repetition, namely rote learning, plays a role in 
many education systems. To what extent do the advantages outweigh the 
disadvantages? 
There are different methods of learning. Two such methods are ‘rote learning’ and ‘meaningful 
learning’. Both have their own pros and cons. 
There are many advantages of rote learning. To begin with, it is very helpful where quick 
memorization is required, such as learning one line in a play or memorizing a telephone number. It 
is also needed where verbatim recall of definitions or numbers is required. We all know that we 
need to remember phone numbers, mathematical formulae and definitions as such. If we don’t 
cram them then we will not be able to reproduce them when needed and if any small part is 
changed then the whole thing goes wrong. Rote learning is the only way to learn certain things like 
irregular verbs and the vocabulary of a foreign language. There is no logic behind irregular verbs 
and so we need to memorise them by heart. Finally, rote learning is used by many students to pass 
exams. 
On the other hand, there are some disadvantages of rote learning. Firstly, the knowledge acquired 
by rote is not retained for long. If a person does not repeat information learnt by rote for few days 
then the whole thing can be forgotten. Moreover, information learned by rote cannot be applied 
in a wide variety of new problems or concepts. For example, if we learn something by rote in 
maths then we cannot apply it in other subjects like physics. In meaningful learning the 
transferability of knowledge is high. Finally, it can be very boring to learn everything by rote. 
Definitely, rote learning should not be the only method of learning. Meaningful learning is a must 
if we want to progress in life and apply our skills in varied fields. However, rote learning has its 
own importance in some situations. So, the education systems should incorporate both rote and 
meaningful learning. 
To put it in a nutshell, I pen down saying that, rather than viewing rote learning as something 
opposed to understanding, it can be viewed in a complementary role. As the left hand is to the 
right, so is memory to understanding and reason. 
Written by Surjit Singh 
Rote learning is also known as memorization by repetition. Rote memorization is a term for fixing information to memory through sheer repetition. Rote learning is simply necessary 
in some areas. A child learns the ABCs by rote learning, long before he or she knows why. 
Rote learning is also necessary in learning some languages like: Chinese, Urdu etc. For instance, students of the Chinese language utilize rote learning to memorize thousands of non-
alphabetic symbols. Moreover, rote learning methods are routinely used when quick memorization is required, Such as learning one line in a play or memorizing a telephone 
number. Another area where rote learning is widely used is in the mastery of knowledge. Examples of school topics where rote learning is frequently used are - the periodic table in 
chemistry, multiplication tables in mathematics, anatomy in medicine, case or statutes in law, basic formulae in any science etc. Finally, if exam papers are not well designed, it is 
possible for someone with good memorization techniques to pass the test without any meaningful comprehension of the subject. 
The main disadvantage of rote learning is that it is boring and extremely limited. Meaningful learning refers to the concept that the learned knowledge is fully understood by the 
individual and that the individual knows that specific fact related to other stored facts. For understanding this concept, it is good to contrast meaningful learning with the much less 
desirable, rote learning. So, rote learned knowledge cannot be applied to other areas. Finally, the main disadvantage of rote learning is that it is short lived and forgotten soon. 
In conclusion, Rote learning and meaningful learning are their own meaning their own definitions. Rote learning and meaningful learning are not comparable, both have their own 
advantages and disadvantages, both are equally important in their ways and so instead of opposing each other, both should complement each other. 
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45. 13-12-2008 
Some people believe that a country can benefit a lot from university education, 
while others believe that sending a large percentage of young students to go to 
university is the way leading to unemployment. Discuss both views and give your 
opinion. 
Advantages of higher education: 
1. Education provides basis for other skills – more choices of jobs 
2. Literacy improves worker’s capability 
3. Creates self / national respect 
4. Education provides basis for a healthy population 
Why students should leave school ASAP 
1. Economic development is important and may only need unskilled workers 
2. Expensive and without immediate financial return 
3. Other things like health are more important than education 
4. Higher education can lead to frustration because expectations are high 
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46. 20-12-2008 
Now, a lot of charities and organisations have to publicize their activities by setting 
up a number of days to name the special day like National Children’s day and 
National non smoking day. Why do they do so? What are the effects? 
Charities and organisations are formed to help the needy sections of society. 
Generally they are NPOs or non-profit organisations. Nowadays it has been seen that 
they set up a number of days like ‘Mother’s Day’ and ‘No Smoking Day’. In this essay I 
shall discuss the causes and effects of this phenomenon. 
The main reason why these NPOs do so is to raise funds for their working. This is very 
essential because for every activity they do to help others, they need money and other 
resources. When they publicise their activities, they get people’s attention and so 
people contribute whole-heartedly. Sometimes, in times of calamities, they need a lot 
of funds and manual help. They need voluntary workers. For example, recently in 
Ladakh, a cloud-burst caused havoc. So many people lost their lives and there was so 
much damage of property. The Rotary Club and Jaycee Club of my hometown sent 
many volunteers to help. The government alone cannot be at all places. Because of 
such organisations people get timely help and a lot of burden is eased from the 
government’s shoulders. 
When these organisations name special days, it brings people together. With more 
activities opened and more days named, more and more people will focus their 
attention and will put their time and energy and will realise the importance of doing 
for others. As a consequence, community spirit increases in society. As it is nowadays, 
people are getting self-centred and alienated from each other. So, such days are the 
need of the day. 
Such days keep our youth in touch with our culture and traditions. With the exposure 
to global culture, youth today are forgetting their traditions. To establish some days 
may help the young people understand the importance of such events. Such days also 
increase awareness of offering help selflessly. Hence, some virtuous habit may pass 
from one generation to the other. Finally, such days deter people from bad habits. For 
e.g. on National No Smoking Day, people are made aware about the harmful effects of 
smoking. 
To put it in a nutshell, I pen down saying that, charities and NPOs publicise their 
activities because they need funds and they name certain days so that people come 
together and celebrate and realise the importance of community and brotherhood.