Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành quản trị kinh doanh - Phần 11

heir quality is the same, the utility of the cigarettes has changed. 
c. Though he should wait until he has enough money for both the car and other necessary 
things, he wants to buy that car now. 
d. Though it was planned five years ago, the work has not been done yet. 
e. Though it has not yet received government permission, the scheme has been started. 
Exercise 2 
a. If I have enough time I will cook fish curry tonight. 
b. I will write letters to my parents if I have time. 
c. I will fix your bicycle if I have the right tools. 
d. If you stand in the rain, you will get wet. 
e. Jack will answer the phone if he is in his office. 
f. If I have enough money, I will go with you. 
g. She will visit France if she has enough money. 
h. If the weather is nice tomorrow, we will go to the zoo. 
i. Linda isn’t at home right now. If she is at home right now, I will visit her. 
Listening: Insurance 
Exercise 5 
1. fire brigade 6. trade 
2. marine 7. underwriter 
3. brokers 8. cover 
4. century 9. premium 
5. property Hidden word: insurance 
 Use these clues to fill in the puzzle 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 103
M: What’s number one? 
F: It’s the people who put out fires. You know... 
M: Oh yes. And number two? 
F: Number two. Oh, it means something to do with the sea. It’s a sort of insurance when 
you’re insuring ships. 
M: Uh-huh. And number three? 
F: Those are the people who arrange insurance for other people. 
M: Number four? 
F: This word means a hundred years 
M: A hundred years. Oh, I know. 
F: Number five means buildings or things you own. 
M: Buildings or things you own. Mmmm. What about number six? 
F: That means buying and selling. When you buy or sell things, you ...? 
M: Oh yes. Seven? 
F: These are the people who actually sell insurance. They promise to pay you if 
something goes wrong. 
M: Uh-huh. Number eight? 
F: This word means insurance. It’s another word for protection or insurance. 
M: Right. And the last one? 
F: This is the money you pay for insurance. 
M: Oh. Don’t forget the hidden word. 
F: Oh I think you know what that is now. 
Laboratory drills tapescript 
Drill 1 Say the Roman numeral equivalent of these numbers, like this 
 P: Fourteen R: XIV 
 Now you try 
 P: Ten P: Fifteen 
 R:X R: XV 
 P: Three P: Nine 
 R: III R:IX 
 P: Five P: Four 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 104
 R:V R:IV 
 P: Six P: Eight 
 R:VI R:VIII 
 P: Twenty P: Eighteen 
 R: XX R: XVIII 
Drill 2A 
Say which century these years are in, like this: 
 P: Sixteen sixty-six R: That’s in the seventeenth century 
 Now you try 
 P: Nineteen fifty -two P: Twelve twenty-five 
 R: That’s in the twentieth century R: That’s in the thirteenth century 
 P: Two thousand P: Nineteen eight-three 
 That’s in the twenty - first century R: That’s in the twentieth century 
 P: Eighteen seventy - four P: Twenty - five BC 
 R: That’s in the nineteenth century R: That’s in the twenty-fourth century BC 
 P: Seventeen thirty - nine 
 R: That’s in the eighteenth century. 
Drill 2B Say the years from the book, like this 
 P: a R: Sixteen sixty-six 
 Now you try P: f 
 P: b R: Twelve twenty-five 
 R: Nineteen fifty-two P: g 
 P: c R: nineteen eighty-three 
 R: Two thousand P: h 
 P: d R: Twenty-five BC 
 R: Eighteen seventy-four 
 P: Seventeen thirty-nine 
Drill 3A Say these dates as if you were British, like this: 
 P: Six stroke twelve R: The sixth of December 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 105
 Now you try 
 P: Eight stroke nine P: Eleven stroke one 
 R: The eight of September R: The eleventh of January 
 P: Three stroke seven P: Four stroke twelve 
 R: The third of July R: The fourth of December 
 P: Ten stroke two P: Five stroke five 
 R: The tenth of February R: The fifth of May 
Drill 3B Say these dates as if you were American, like this: 
 P: Six stroke twelve R: June twelfth 
 Now you try 
 P: Eight stroke nine P: Eleven stroke one 
 R: August ninth R: November first 
 P: Three stroke seven P: Four stroke twelve 
 R: March seventh R: April twelfth 
 P: Ten stroke two P: Five stroke five 
 R: October second R: May fifth 
NB This drill is in American accent. 
Drill 4 Offer to help the speaker, like this: 
 P: I’m going to take out 
insurance cover. 
 R: Let me take it out for you. 
 Now you try 
 P: I’m going to put in claim. P: I’m going to work out the premium. 
 R: Let me put it for you . R: Let me work it out for you. 
 P: I’m going to take off the 
discount. 
 P: I’m going to look up the word. 
 R: Let me take it off for you. R: Let me look it up for you. 
 P: I’m going to fill in the form. P: I’m going to turn off the photocopier. 
 R: Let me fill it in for you. R: Let me turn it off for you. 
Consolidation exercises 
Exercise 1 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 106
1. They use it to measure responsiveness to price changes. 
2. The cross price elasticity and the income elasticity. 
3. They are: whenever; shortly; own. 
Exercise 2 
1. It shows the demand for football tickets. 
2. Based on assumption rather than fact or reality. 
3. Frequently; downward; straight 
Exercise 3 
1. The slope of the demand curve. 
2. It leads to 8000 extra ticket sales per game. 
3. No, it doesn’t. 
4. Trivial; obvious; negligible. 
Exercis 4 
1. An inaccurately drawn demand curve. 
2. We can see changes in related prices of goods. 
3. She is a changed person since her examination results.. 
4. The given prices should be seen as hypothetical. 
5. Ours is a well managed company. 
6. The poorly run economy leads to problems in society. 
7. That is the out of date theory. 
8. On the evidence available, that is an unsatisfied conclusion. 
Exercise 5 
1. A sloping demand curve. 
2. John is a hard-working person. 
3. We must develop a better fixed price policy. 
4. Rising interest rates will damp down demand. 
5. A rapidly expanding economy can get out of control. 
Unit 5: Supply and demand 
 107
UNIT 5: SUPPLY AND DEMAND 
I. INTROUCTION 
Trong bài 5 bạn sẽ tiếp tục nghiên cứu sâu hơn nữa về luật cung và luật cầu trong nền kinh 
tế. 
II. UNIT OBJECTIVES 
Bài học bao gồm các mục đích sau: 
- Từ vựng liên quan đến lĩnh vực cung và cầu 
- Ôn lại cách tạo từ mới bằng cách thêm hậu tố và tiền tố 
- Cách sử dụng trợ động từ do và did trong câu nhấn mạnh 
- Ôn lại thì quá khứ hoàn thành với before và after 
- Ôn tập tiếp câu gián tiếp (thì quá khứ hoàn thành) 
III. CONTENTS 
1. TEXT 5.1 
Bananas are a typical example of perishable goods. By “perishable” we mean which goods 
can not be stored for any length of time without going bad. Most foodstuffs are in the perishable 
category. Such goods are offerred for sale as quickly as possible, and so the supply of perishables 
and the stock of perishables available at any time are usually the same in quantity. 
This is not true in the case of non-perishable goods like coal, steel and cars, which can not 
deteriorate easily. The supply of cars on the market may not be the same as the actual stock of 
cars in the factories. Economists talk about the Law of Supply, in which the rise in prices tends to 
increase supply, while a fall in prices tends to reduce it. If prices rise for a particular commodity, 
the rise will of course encourage producers to make more. On the other hand, if prices fall either 
locally or throughout the world, producers will reduce production. This can result in serious 
difficulties for many producers, and may cause them to go out of business completely. Over-
production of any commodity can also create difficulties, because it can lead to a glut on the 
market, which may cause prices to fall sharply. 
Supplies of many commodities can generally be adjusted to suit market conditions. This 
means that changes in prices lead to changes in the quantity of a particular commodity which is 
made available to consumers. Household goods and furniture belong to this category. In such 
instances supply is said to be “elastic”, because it can be increased or decreased rapidly in 
response to market prices. 
Unit 5: Supply and demand 
 108
Exercise 1 
Answer these questions, basing your answers on the text. 
1. What are perishable goods? 
2. What two things are usually the same in quantity? 
3. What happens when the Law of Supply operates? 
4. What does a rise in prices encourage? 
5. What does a fall in prices cause? 
6. What serious effect may a fall in prices have on some producers? 
7. What can over-production lead to? 
8. What happen when the supply of a commodity is adjusted to suit market conditions? 
9. What kinds of goods belong to the category of commodities that can be adjusted easily? 
10. What is meant by “elastic” supply? 
Exercise 2 
Say whether these statements are true (T) or false (F), and if they are false, and say why. 
1. Bananas are a typical of goods that easily deteriorate. 
2. Steel can be stored for a long time without losing its value. 
3. The actual stock of cars in a factory is usually the same as the supply of cars available 
on the market. 
4. According to the Law of Supply, a rise in prices tends to reduce supply. 
5. If prices fall locally, production will be reduced throughout the world. 
6. When there is a glut on the market, demand decreases and prices fall. 
7. Changes in prices lead to a change in the quality of a commodity. 
8. Supply is “elastic” because market prices rise and fall. 
Exercise 3 
Combine these pairs of sentences, using that and changing will to would. 
Example: He told me something. The prices will change. 
ÖHe told me that the prices would change. 
1. They told him something. The commettee will meet next week. 
2. The economists expected something. The prices will fluctuate considerably. 
3. The government anticipated something. The workers will demand higher wages. 
4. The management decided something. The new factory will be located in a different city.