Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành quản trị kinh doanh - Phần 10

tion decreases. 
Y = The prices remain the same. 
i. X although Y 
His satisfaction decreases although prices remain the same. 
ii. Although Y, X 
Although prices remain the same, his satisfaction decreases. 
a. X = The individual can not change the current price. 
Y = He may want to do so. 
b. X = The utility of the cigarettes has changed. 
Y = Their quality is the same. 
c. X = He wants to buy that car now. 
Y = He should wait until he has enough money for both the car and other 
necessary things. 
d. X = The work has not been done yet. 
Y = It was planned five years ago. 
e. X = The scheme has been started. 
Y = It has not yet received government permission. 
2.2. Conditional sentences when the condition is true. 
Cấu trúc và ý nghĩa của các dạng câu điều kiện đã được trình bày rất chi tiết trong cuốn 
tiếng Anh 2. Trong phần này, bạn sẽ ôn lại về câu điều kiện dạng 1 và luyện làm bài tập thêm cho 
thành thạo. 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 92 
- If a condition is true in the present or future you should use the simple present tense in 
the if clause and the simple present or simple future in the result clause. 
- The simple present tense is used in the result clause to express the habitual activity or 
situation 
Example: If spending cuts are not made, governments have to print money to finance their 
deficit. 
- The simple present or the simple future is used in the result clause to express an 
established, predictable fact. 
Example: If a deficit is financed by printing more money, prices (will) rise. 
- The simple future is used in the result clause when the sentence concerns a particular 
activity or situation in the future. 
Example: If my sister comes to visit me in Vietnam, I will take her to Halong Bay. 
Exercise 2 
Complete the following sentences with the present or future in the result clause. 
a. If I have enough time I (cook) ________ fish curry tonight. 
b. I (write) ________ letters to my parents if I have time. 
c. I (fix) _________ your bicycle if I have the right tools. 
d. If you stand in the rain, you (get) _________ wet. 
e. Jack (answer) ________ the phone if he is in his office. 
f. If I have enough money, I (go) _________ with you. 
g. She (visit) _______ France if she has enough money. 
h. If the weather is nice tomorrow, we (go) ________ to the zoo. 
i. Linda isn’t at home right now. If she (be) ________ at home right now, I (visit) 
_________ her. 
3. LISTENING: Insurance 
Exercise 1. Roman numerals 
What numbers do these roman numerals stand for ? Put them in two columns of odd and 
even numbers in numerical order, starting with the lowest number in each column 
(a) III (b) XX (c) VI (d) IX (e) XVII (f) XIV 
(g) IV (h) XIX (i) XII (J) XI (k) II (l) X 
ODD NUMBERS EVEN NUMBERS 
(A) III-3 (K) II-2 
NB Even numbers are numbers which can be divided exactly by two. 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 93
Laboratory drill 
P : Fourteen R : XIV 
Exercise 2. Years and centuries . 
Talk about these years and centuries, like this 
P : Sixteen sixty-six R : That’s in the seventeenth century 
(a) 1666 (b) 1952 (c) 2000 (d) 1874 
(e) 1739 (f) 1225 (g)1983 (h) 25 BC 
Laboratory drill A 
P : Sixteen sixty-six R : That’ s in the seventeenth century. 
Laboratory drill B 
P : (a) R : Sixteen sixty-six 
Exercise 3. Dates 
Write these dates as you would say them if you were (a) British (b) American, like this: 
 6/12 (a) The sixth of December (b) June twelfth 
(i) 8/9 (ii) 3/7 (iii) 10/2 (iv) 11/1 (v) 4/12 (vi) 5/5 
Laboratory drill A 
P: Six stroke twelve R :The sixth of December 
Laboratory drill B 
P : Six stroke twelve R : June twelfth 
Exercise 4. Phrasal verbs 
Decide which phrasal verb replaces the more formal verbs in italics in these sentences. Use 
the phrasal verbs with nouns and with pronouns, like this. 
To take out insurance cover 
P : I’m going to take out insurance cover. R: Let me take it out for you. 
take out - fill in - turn of - put in - work out - take off - look up 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 94 
1. To submit a claim 
2. To deduct the discount 
3. To complete the form 
4. To calculate the premium 
5. To find the word 
6. To stop the photocopier 
Laboratory drill 
P : I’m going to take out insurance cover R : Let me take it out for you. 
Exercise 5. Vocabulary puzzle 
The clues for this word puzzle are on the disk. 
1 
2 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
 Hidden word
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 95
SUMMARY 
Trong bài số 4 bạn đã học qua các phần sau: 
- Từ vựng liên quan đến luật kinh tế, lĩnh vực bảo hiểm 
- Cách sử dụng although và though 
- Ôn lại câu điều kiện 
- Cách đọc các số La Mã 
- Cách đọc ngày tháng năm theo tiếng Anh – Anh hoặc tiếng Anh - Mỹ 
- Cách thành lập câu khi sử dụng các đại từ với động ngữ 
VOCABULARY 
broker n người môi giới 
B.C (Before Christ) n trước công nguyên 
broker’s slip n hợp đồng của người môi giới 
clue n đầu mối, manh mối, gợi ý 
curve n đường cong 
deduct v trừ, giảm 
effect n ảnh hưởng 
elastic adj co dãn 
equal adj cân bằng 
even number n số chẵn 
hypothetical adj có tính chất giả thuyết 
insurance certificate n giấy chứng nhận bảo hiểm 
insurance company n công ty bảo hiểm 
insurance cover n bảo hiểm 
insurance market n thị trường bảo hiểm 
IOU (I OWE YOU) n giấy ghi nợ 
Law of Demand n luật cầu 
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility n qui luật lợi ích cận biên giảm dần 
Law of Supply n luật cung 
Lloyd’s n thị trường bảo hiểm Lloyd’s 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 96 
marine n thuộc về biển, hàng hải 
measure n,v phương pháp, biện pháp; đo 
negligible adj không đáng kể 
odd number n số lẻ 
plot v đánh dấu và nối (các điểm của đồ thị) 
premium adj phí bảo hiểm 
property n tài sản 
proposal form n đơn xin mua bảo hiểm 
render v tạo ra 
roman numeral n số La Mã 
slope n chiều hướng 
small print n điều khoản trong hợp đồng bảo hiểm 
submarine n tàu ngầm 
submit v nộp (đơn) 
suppose v giả sử 
trivial adj bình thường, tầm thường, không giá trị 
underwriter n người bán bảo hiểm 
usefulness n sự hữu ích 
utility n tính hữu dụng, độ thoả dụng 
vegetarian n người ăn chay 
vessel n con tàu 
CONSOLIDATION EXERCISES 
Exercise 1: Read and answer the following questions 
Thus we reach the definition of the price elasticity of demand, which economists use to 
measure responsiveness to price changes. “The price elasticity of demand is the percentage 
change in the quantity of a good demanded divided by the corresponding percentage change in its 
price.” Although we shall shortly introduce other demand elasticities – the cross price elasticity 
and the income elasticity – the (own) price elasticity is perhaps the most frequently used of the 
three. Whenever economists speak of the demand elasticity they mean the price elasticity of 
demand as we have defined it above. 
(Cited from The price responsiveness of demand) 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 97
1. How do economists use the price elasticity of demand? 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
2. Which is the commonest of the three demand elasticities? 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
3. Look at the paragraph again and find what words have the same meaning as 
• every time that 
• in the near future 
• in this way 
Exercise 2: Read and and answer the following questions 
The downward slope of the demand curve shows that the quantity demanded increases as 
the price of a good falls. Frequently we need to know by how much the quantity demanded will 
increase. The table below (1.1) presents some hypothetical numbers for the relation between ticket 
price and quantity demanded, other things equal. Figure 1.1 plots the demand curve, which 
happens to be a straight line in this example. 
(Cited from The price responsiveness of demand) 
Price 
( £/ ticket) 
Quantity of tickets demanded 
(thousands/game) 
12.50 0 
10.00 20 
7.50 40 
5.00 60 
2.50 80 
0 100 
Table 1.1: The demand for football tickets 
1. What does the Table 1.1 show? 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
2. Can you explain the word “hypothetical”? 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
3. Find the words in the paragraph which have the opposite meaning to 
Unit 4: Some economic laws 
 98 
• rarely 
• upward 
• crooked 
Exercise 3: Read and answer the following questions 
How should we measure the responsiveness of the quantity of tickets demanded to the price 
of tickets? One obvious measure is the slope of the demand curve. Each price cut of £1 leads to 
8000 extra tickets sales per game. Suppose, however, that we wish to compare the price 
responsiveness of football ticket sales with the price responsiveness of the quantity of cars 
demanded: clearly, £1 is a trivial cut in the price of a car and will have a negligible effect on the 
quantity of cars demanded. 
(Cited from The price responsiveness of demand) 
1. What is the first measure the writer suggests? 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
2. What is the effect of a £1 price cut on football ticket sales? 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
3. Does the same price cut have the same effect on car sales? 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
4. Look at the paragraph again and try to find out the words which as the same meaning 
as 
• not significant or important 
• clear; easily seen or understood 
• of small value or importance 
Exercise 4: Shorten the following sentences without changing their meaning, like this: 
The quantity which we required is 5000 units. 
The required quantity is 5000 units. 
1. A demand curve which has been drawn inaccurately. 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
2. We can see changes in the prices of goods which are related to eachother. 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
3. She is a person who has changed since her examination results. 
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 
4. The prices which we have been given should be seen as hypothetical.