Review of structure sentence transformation

REVIEW OF STRUCTURE SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
Model 1 : 	Because /as/ since + clause
	Because of/ due to/ owing to + noun/ V-ing
	Because she behaves well, everybody loves her
	Because of her good behaviour, everybody loves her
Model 2 : 	although/ thought /even though + clause
	Despite /in spite of + Noun/ V-ing
	In spite of being tired, they stayed until they found out what happened
	Although they very tired, they ……
Model 3 : 	too + adj (for sb) + to-inf
	So + adj + that (clause)
	Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause)
	The box was too heavy that the children couldn’t carry it
	It was such a heavy box that the children coyldn’t carry it
Model 4 : 	too + adj (for sb) +to-inf
	Not + adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
	Mary is too young to grt married
	Marry isn’t older enough to get married 
Model 5 : 	adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
	So + adj + that (clause)
	Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause)
	This question is easy enough for us to answer
	It is such an easy question thet we can answer
Model 6 : 	so + adj +that(clause)
	Such + (a/an adj)noun + that(clause)
	Too + adj (for sb) + to-inf
	Adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
	It was such an interesting novel that I read it many times
	The noval was interesting enough for me to read many times
Model 7 : 	so + adj + that (clause)
	Such + (a/an adj ) noun + that (clause)
	The film was so good that I saw it three times
	It was such adj good film that I saw it three times
Model 8 : 	 to-inf + be +adj
	To sit here with you is so nice
	It's so nice to sit here with you
	it's so nice sitting here with you
	how nice it is to sit here with you
Model 9 :	 to-inf + be + adj /noun
	S + V + it + adj/noun + to-inf
	To live on my salary must be hard
 I find it hard to on my salary
Model 10 : 	condition sentences 
a) 	I can't see the play because it is soiled oiut 
	if the play weren’t soiled out, I could see it 
b)	 we didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money 
	if we had had enoughj money we could have come on holiday 
Model 11 : 	if … not unless 
	Unless you phone me immediately, you’ll get some information
	If you phone me immediately, you will get some information 
Model 12 : wish 
a)	My wife can't speak English
	I wish my wife could speak English 
b) 	what adj pity you failed in your driving test 
	I wish you hadn’t failed in your driving test 
c) 	She won’t visit me again 
	I wish she would visit me again 
Model 13 :	 S + V (pre perfect) + time
	It is + time + since + clause (V-simple past)
a) 	tom and marry have been married for 5 years
	it is 5 years since tom and marry got married
b) 	I haven’t my parents for 1 month
	it's 1 month since I last saw my parents
Model 14 : 	S + have/has not + V(pp)
	… first time + S + have/has + pp 
	I haven’t seen that man here before 
	It's the first time I have seen that man here 
Model 15 : 	S + have/has not + V(pp) + since/for
	S + last + V (past) + when (clause) 
	The last times + S + was 
a) 	I haven’t heard him since August 
	the last times I heard him was in August
b)	I haven’t seen him since I was a student
	the last times I saw him when I was a student 
Model 16 : 	S + V (past) + ago 
	S + have/has been + V-ing + since/for 
	He started working for this factory a year ago 
	He had been working for this factory since last year 
Model 17 : 	S+V + ...time 
	It take (O) + time + to-inf 
	She typed the letter in 20 minutes 
	It took her 20 minutes to type the letter 
Model 18 :	 S + V + not + untill …..
	It was not until… that…
	Tom didn’t begin to read until he was eight 
	It was not until tom was eight that he began to read 
Model 19 : 	Causative form 
	+ Active : S + V + O 
	S + have + O1 + inf + O2 (have S.O + doing )
 	Get to-inf 
 	I’ll have Tom wash my car
	I’ll get Tom to wash my car 
	+Passive S + have/get + O + V(pp) (have S.th done)
	I’ll have the car washed 
	I’ll get the car washed 
Model 20 ;	 Passive form
	S + V + O
	S + be + V (pp) + (by…)
	No one has ever dicuss this question
	That question has never been dicussed
Model 21 :
Someone
They
people
Someone
They
people
 that …..
	It + be + V (pp) + that …
	S2 + be + V (pp) + to-inf / to have + pp
a) 	They think that the owner of the house is abroad
	it is though that the owner of the house is though to be abroad
	the owner of the house is though to be abroad
b) 	people thoug that he had died in the battler
	it was though that he had died in the battle
Model 22 : 	adj /adv + er + than
	More + adj /adv + than
	The adj /adv + est
	The most + adj / adv
	No one in the group is younger than her
	She’s the youngest in the group
Model 23 : 	not + so / as +adj /adv + as
	Adj /adv + er + than
	Stone isn’t hard as iron
	Iron is harder than stone
Model 24 : 	clause 1 + clause 2
	The comparative + the comparative
	The more + S+V + the more + S + V
	 Less less
	As I get older, I want to travel less
	The older I get, the less travel I want
Model 25 : 	hardly (past perfect)…when
	Scarely (past perfect)…when
	No sooner (past perfect)… than
	… no sooner (past perfect) … than
	he had no sooner seen me than he ran away
	he had hardly seen me when he ran away
	no sooner had he seen me than he ran away
	hardly he had seen me when he ran away
Model 26 : 	S + V = Auxilary + S +V …
	He didn't return to his native village until the war ended
	Not until the war ended, he dud return to his native village
những trạng từ (đa số là phủ định ) đứng đầu câu đa số ta phải dùng dạng đảo ngữ
Never [không bao giờ]
Seldom [hiếm khi]
Not only … but also [không những… mà còn]
Not until … [mãi cho tới khi ]
Hardly… when [vừa mới ..rồi thì]
Hardly ever [ít khi]
Neither …nor [cũng không]
Scarely … when… [vừa… rồi thì lại ] 
Only then/when [chỉ lúc đó]
Only by [chỉ bằng cách ]
Only after 
Nowhere [không nơi nào]
So…that … [đến nỗi mà]
In no circumtances [không trường hợp nào ]
On no acount [không vì lí do gì]
Model 27 : S+V (not) S + V (not) either
	Neither… nor
	He isn’t going to attend the meeting, I’m not either
	Neither he nor I am going to attend the meeting
Model 28 : 	why don’t you + V …?
	S + suggested + that (clause) (should + V)
	“why don’t you apply for the job,Ann ?” said Sue
	Mary suggestsd that Tom should apply for the job
Model 29 ; 	indirect speech
a) 	Tom ask me, “what’s her name ?”
	Tom ask me what her name was
b) 	she said: “are you hungry,Tom ?”
	she asked Tom if he was hungry
c) 	Mary said to Tom “open the door, please”
	Mary asked Tom to open the door
d) 	he said to them : “Don’t be latr tomorrow “
	he told them not to be late tomorrow
Model 30 : 	S + V (past) V-ing
	(didn’t ) not V-ing
	(had + pp) having + pp
	Tom had failed twice, so he didn’t want to try again
	Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again
Model 31 :	 S + cannot + inf
	S + prevent + O from + V-ing
	Because of the rough sea, the farry couldn’t sailed
	The rough sea prevented the ferry from sailing
Model 32 : 	adj verb
	It isn’t necessary to finish the work today
	You don’t need to finish the work today
Model 33 : 	verbnoun
	He didn’t intend to stay here
	He had no intention to stay here
Model 34 : 	clause gerund/phrase
	Let’s invite the Browns to the party on Sunday
	He suggested inviting the Browns to the party on Sunday 
Model 35 :	 simple sentence complex sentence
	Youth is the time for the formation of character
	Youth is the time when character is formed 
Model 36 : it's time for S.b to do S.th = it's time ….. S.b did S.th