Ôn tập ngữ pháp cơ bản Tiếng Anh - Lesson 11: Relative Clauses

Ôn tập ngữ pháp cơ bản Tiếng Anh –11 
LESSON 11: RELATIVE CLAUSES 
I. Mệnh đề tính từ hay mệnh đề quan hệ được đặt sau danh từ nó phụ 
nghĩa, được nối bằng các đại từ quan hệ: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, 
THAT, WHOSE, và trạng từ quan hệ:WHERE, WHY, WHEN. 
1. WHO: thay thế cho người, làm chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ. 
Ex: - I need to meet the boy. The boy is my friend’s son. 
I need to meet the boy who is my friend’s son.- 
- The woman is standing over there. She is my sister. 
- The woman who is standing over there is my sister. 
2. WHOM: thay thế cho người, làm túc từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ.. 
Ex:- I know the girl. I spoke to this girl. 
I know the girl whom I spoke to.- 
- The man is my teacher. Your father is talking to him. 
The man whom your father is talking to is my teacher.- 
3. WHICH: thay thế cho vật, đồ vật; làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH. 
Ex: - She works for a company. It makes cars 
She works for a company which makes cars.- 
- The elephants are big. People keep the elephants in iron cages. 
The elephants which people keep in iron cages are big.- 
4. THAT: thay thế cho người, vật; làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH. 
Ex: - I need to meet the boy that is my friend’s son. 
- The woman that is standing over there is my sister. 
- I know the girl that I spoke to. 
- The man that your father is talking to is my teacher. 
- She works for a company that makes cars. 
- The elephants that people keep in iron cages are big. 
5. WHOSE (OF WHICH): thay thế cho sở hữu của người, vật (his-, her-, its-
, their-). 
Ex: - John found the cat. Its leg was broken. 
John found the cat whose leg/(the leg of which) was broken.- 
- This is the student. I borrowed his book. 
-This is the student whose book I borrowed. 
 6. WHERE: thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn: there, at that place. 
Ex: - The movie theater is the place. We can see films at that place. 
The movie theater is the place where we can see films.- 
7. WHY: thay thế cho cụm trạng từ chỉ lí do: for that reason. 
Ex: - Tell me the reason. You are so sad for that reason. 
Tell me the reason why you are so sad.- 
8. WHEN: thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ thời gian: then, at that time, on that day. 
Ex: - Do you remember the day. We first met on that day. 
Do you remember the day when we first met?- 
II. Giới từ đặt trước mệnh đề tính từ: (WHOM/WHICH) 
Ex: - The man speaks English very fast. I talked to him last night. 
- The man to whom I talked last night speaks English very fast. 
- The house is for sale. I was born in it. 
The house in which I was born is for sale.- 
* Lưu ý: Không dùng THAT sau giới từ. 
 The house in that I was born is for sale.- câu sai 
III. OF WHICH / OF WHOM: 
Ex: - Daisy has three brothers. All of them are teachers. 
Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers.- 
- He asked me a lot of questions. I couldn’t answer most of them. 
He asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer.- 
EXERCISES (RELATIVE CLAUSES) 
I/ Circle the letter of the correct answer to complete the sentence 
1. That’s my friend_______________ comes from Japan. 
A. which B. who C. whom D. where. 
2. The plants which______________ in the living room need a lot of water. 
A. are B. be C. is D. was 
3. She’s the woman_______________ sister looks after the baby for us. 
A. who B. which C. that’s D. whose 
4. That’s the doctor for________________ Cliff works. 
A. that B. which C. whom D. whose 
5. Marie,______________ I met at the party, called me last night. 
A. that B. whom C. which D. whose 
6. I remember Alice,______________ rode the bus to school with. 
A. I B. whom I C. which I D. who 
7. I used to enjoy the summer, ______________ we had a big family picnic. 
A. where B. when C. which D. that 
8. Tell me about the city ______________ you grew up. 
A. that B. where C. which D. ø 
9. Anna found the book that ________________ wanted at the bookshop. 
A. ø B. where C. she D. which 
10. Please remember to take back to the library all the books_____________ 
are due this week. 
A. ø B. that C. when D. they 
II/ Complete the sentences, using a relative pronoun. 
1. The girl chatted with him yesterday. She arrived here at 6:30. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
2. The man is talking to my father.He spent 15 minutes measuring our 
kitchen 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
3. The architect designed these flats. He has moved to HCM City. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
4. The young man lives in the corner. He rides an expensive motorbike. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
5. I’m reading the book. I bought it in 1996. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
6. I will introduce the man to you. He is sharing the flat with me. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
7. The young man is talking to our teacher. He is Ba’s brother. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
8. We visited the monument. It was built a hundred years ago. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
9. The boys are interested in football. It is a popular game all over the world. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
10. The boy gave his parents big hugs before he left. He went abroad to 
study. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
11. My friends had so much fun at the festival. They wanted to go there 
again. 
………………………………………� 
�……….…………………………….. 
KEY 
EXERCISES (RELATIVE CLAUSES) 
I/ Circle the letter of the correct answer to complete the sentence 
1. B. who 2. A. are 3. D. whose 4. C. whom 5. B. whom 
6. B. whom I 7. B. when 8. B. where 9. C. she 10. B. that 
II/ Complete the sentences, using a relative pronoun. 
1. The girl who chatted with him yesterday arrived here at 6:30. 
2. The man who is talking to my father spent 15 minutes measuring our 
kitchen 
3. The architect who designed these flats has moved to HCM City. 
4. The young man who lives in the corner rides an expensive motorbike. 
5. I’m reading the book which I bought in 1996. 
6. I will introduce the man who is sharing the flat with me to you. 
7. The young man who is talking to our teacher is Ba’s brother. 
8. We visited the monument which was built a hundred years ago. 
9. The boys are interested in football which is a popular game all over the 
world. 
10.The boy who gave his parents big hugs before he left went abroad to 
study. 
11. My friends who had so much fun at the festival wanted to go there again.