Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh - Động từ khiếm khuyết

ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT: Là loại động từ cần có thêm một hình thức V0 ở sau nó để hoàn thiện nghĩa. CÓ 2 HÌNH THỨC SỬ DỤNG MODALS: ACTIVE VÀ PASSIVE

ACTIVE: S + MODAL + V0 + O

PASSIVE: S + MODAL + BE + V3/ED + BY + O

EX: The room ________ once a day.

a. should clean b. should be cleaning

c. should be cleaned d. should have cleaned

I am not deaf. You _______ shout.

a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t

CÁCH NHẬN DẠNG ACTIVE , PASSIVE ÁP DỤNG GIỐNG VỚI PHẦN PASSIVE

 NOTE: Nếu ta ở hiện tại mà nói về sự việc ở quá khứ thì ta sử dụng:

1/ SHOULD(NOT) + HAVE + V3/ED (lẽ ra đã nên )Chỉ một sự việc được cho là :

o lẽ ra đã nên xảy ra ở quá khứ, nhưng vì một lý do nào đó đã không xảy ra .

o lẽ ra đã không nên xảy ra ở quá khứ, nhưng vì một lý do nào đó đã xảy ra .

Maria shouldn’t have called John too late last night. (thực ra cô ấy có gọi )

2/ MUST + HAVE + V3/ED: (chắc chắn là đã ) chỉ một sự suy luận hợp lý trong quá khứ.

≠ CAN’T + HAVE + V3/ED : (chắc chắn là đã không )

Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard.

 

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c, 
- If I were you, I would stay at home.
? NOTE: động từ NEEDN’T mới là MODAL còn các dạng khác của NEED là động từ thường khi đó nó được dùng như sau:
S (someone) + NEED + TO-V0 
S (somthing) + NEED + 	V-ING 
	TO BE + V3/ED
You need __________(go) now.	Your hair needs ___________(cut).
3. This road is very narrow. It ___to be widened.
 	A. might	B. needs	C. mustn’t 	D. may
4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t ___.
	A. be hurry	B. to hurry	C. hurry	D. to be hurried
5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better___ to the doctor.
	A. to go	B. went	C. go	D. going
23. I ___ understand this letter. Will you translate it for me?
	A. mustn’t 	B. may not	C. can’t 	D. shouldn’t
25. ___ you give me some advice about the language course?
	A. Might 	B. Should	C. May	D. Could
29. Sit down, please. ___ a cup of tea?
	A. Do you like	B. Can you like to drink	C. Would you like	D. Will you like
34. “It ___rain this evening. Why don’t you take an umbrella?”
 “That’s a good idea. May I borrow yours?”
	A. had better	B. could be	C. must	D. might
35. “___taking me downtown on your way to work this morning?”
 “Not at all.”
	A. Can you B. Why don’t you C. Would you mind D. Could you please 	
42. ___ you speak any foreign languages?
	A. May	B. Must	C. Can	D. Might
44. A: “You ___ pay the bills today.” - B: “I know, I promise. I won’t forget.”
	A. would	B. shall	C. must	D. may
45. ___ you mind my staying here for some days?
	A. Would	B. Could	C. Can	D. Should
You had better _____ at home until you feel better.
	A. stay 	B. to stay	C. staying	 D. stayed
Your house needs __________.
	A. redecorated	B. redecorating	C. being redecorated	D. to redecorate
I _______ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old.
	A. could	B. might	C. would	D. must
You _______ do it now, and do not argue.
	A. must	B. need	C. are going to	D. may
You ______ have been happy when you won the competition.
	A. can	B. must	C. may	D. could
Take this umbrella with you because it _______ rain this evening.
	A. must	B. may	C. can	D. shall
I _______ do that again. It's my promise.
	A. mustn't	B. can't	C. needn't	D. won't
You ___ forget to learn the lesson by heart. The new teacher is so strict.
a. needn't 	b. mustn't 	c. mayn't 	d. mightn't
They _______ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure. 
a. might 	b. need 	c. must 	d. should
You _______ now if you wish.
a. must leave 	b. may leave 	c. need leaving d. mustn't leave
You _______ worry so much. I will help you.
a. must 	b. mustn't 	c. might not 	d. needn't
If there is anything you _______. Let me know.
a. must 	b. should 	c. need 	d. may
Family _______ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV.
a. must 	b. should 	c. might 	d. needn't
Please, keep silent. You _______ speak during the exam.
a. may 	b. might not 	c. needn't 	d. mustn’t
You _______ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK.
a. mustn't 	b. needn't 	c. may not 	d. might not
You _______ take your umbrella along with you today. It _______ rain later on this afternoon.
a. ought to / mustn't 	b. needn't / will	c. will / must 	d. should / might
The room ________ once a day.
a. should clean 	b. should be cleaning
c. should be cleaned 	d. should have cleaned
John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure.
a. might 	b. will 	c. must 	d. should
_______ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.
a. Must 	b. Will 	c. May 	d. Need
The computer _______ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software.
a. must 	b. need 	c. should 	d. may
Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
a. mustn't 	b. couldn't 	c. can't 	d. needn't
1. You have been reading for four hours. This book ___ be very interesting.
A. can	B. might	C. must	D. should	
8. The machine  on by pressing this switch.
A. can turn 	B. can be turned 
C. must turn 	D. should be turning 
You _______ explain that again because I understand everything now.
A. needn"t	B. can"t	C. would rather D. mustn"t
Take this umbrella with you because it _______ rain this evening.
A. must	B. may	C. can	D. shall
As students, you _______ show your disrespect to your teachers.
A. must	B. should	C. mustn"t	D. needn"t
He _______ work very hard; he is a millionaire.
A. hasn"t to	B. mustn"t
C. doesn"t have to	D. not has to
I _______ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old.
A. could	B. might	C. would	D. must
I _______ do that again. It"s my promise.
A. mustn"t	B. can"t	C. needn"t	D. won"t
You _______ have been absent from that important session.
A. mightn"t	B. wouldn"t	C. shouldn"t	D. mustn"t
 _______ we go shopping this evening?
_ That"s a good idea.
A. Will	B. Shall	C. Might	D. Must
She _______ have been the one who caused the damage, I think. She was not
home then.
A. must	B. mustn"t	C. needn"t	D. can"t
Your windows need ___________. Would you like me to do them for you? 
A. be cleaned	B. cleaning	C. to clean 	D. cleaned 
I can't find my book anywhere. I _______ have left it on the train. I am not sure.
a. must 	b. needn't 	c. should 	d. might
You _______ lunch. We have already eaten.
a. need preparing 	b. needn't have prepared
c. should prepare 	d. should have prepared
Let's do something to protect the environment, _______ we?
a. must 	b. need 	c. will 	d. shall
I will do everything. You _______ do anything unless you really want to.
a. may 	b. needn't 	c. must 	d. ought to
You ___ forget to learn the lesson by heart. The new teacher is so strict.
a. needn't 	b. mustn't 	c. mayn't 	d. mightn't
They _______ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure. 
a. might 	b. need 	c. must 	d. should
You _______ now if you wish.
a. must leave 	b. may leave 	c. need leaving d. mustn't leave
You _______ worry so much. I will help you.
a. must 	b. mustn't 	c. might not 	d. needn't
If there is anything you _______. Let me know.
a. must 	b. should 	c. need 	d. may
Family _______ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV.
a. must 	b. should 	c. might 	d. needn't
Please, keep silent. You _______ speak during the exam.
a. may 	b. might not 	c. needn't 	d. mustn’t
You _______ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK.
a. mustn't 	b. needn't 	c. may not 	d. might not
You _______ take your umbrella along with you today. It _______ rain later on this afternoon.
a. ought to / mustn't 	b. needn't / will	c. will / must 	d. should / might
The room ________ once a day.
a. should clean 	b. should be cleaning
c. should be cleaned 	d. should have cleaned
The weather forecast says that ________ tomorrow.
a. it will snow 	b. it will be snowed 
c. it needs snowing 	d. it must be snowed
The garden ________. It has just started raining.
a. needn't water 	b. needn't be watered
c. needn't be watering 	d. needn't have watered
People ___________ hunt and use whales for commercial purpose 
A. needn’t	B. mustn’t 	C. don’t need to 	D. don’t have to 
She ___ be ill. I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard.
a. needn't 	b. shouldn't 	c. mustn't 	d. can't 
Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now.
a. needn't 	b. must 	c. has to 	d. should
I _______ find my own way there. You _______ wait for me.
a. should / can't b. have to / must c. can / needn't d. might / mustn't
Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night.
a. must have left 	b. should have left 	c. must be leaving 	d. needn't leave
I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must 	b. mustn't 	c. need 	d. needn’t
John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried 	b. should have tried c. can tried d. may have tried
_______ I borrow your lighter for a minute? - Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you want to.
a. May / can 	 b. Must / might 	c. Will / should 	d. Might / needn’t
I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize.
a. shouldn't 	b. needn't 	c. mustn't 	d. oughtn't to
It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
a. mustn't 	b. needn't 	c. mightn't 	d. won't
We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried.
a. needn't 	b. shouldn't 	c. mustn't 	d. mayn't
Keep quiet. You _______ talk so loudly in here. Everybody is working.
a. may 	b. must 	c. might 	d. mustn't
John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure.
a. might 	b. will 	c. must 	d. should
_______ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.
a. Must 	b. Will 	c. May 	d. Need
The computer _______ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software.
a. must 	b. need 	c. should 	d. may
Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
a. mustn't 	b. couldn't 	c. can't 	d. needn't
1. You have been reading for four hours. This book ___ be very interesting.
	A. can	B. might	C. must	D. should	
4. They have plenty of time, so they needn’t ___.
	A. be hurry	B. to hurry	C. hurry	D. to be hurried
5. You’re having a sore throat. You’d better___ to the doctor.
	A. to go	B. went	C. go	D. going
8. You ___ ring the bell; I have a key.
	A. mustn’t 	B. needn’t 	C. couldn’t 	D. shouldn’t
Đề Thi TN THPT 2009
Question 28: Endangered species ______ by the World Wildlife Fund. 
 A. are protected 	B. would protect 	C. be protected 	D. will protect 
Question 34: If I had the map now, I a short-cut across the desert. 
 A. could have taken 	B. take 	C. could take 	D. can take 
Question 39: The recycling of waste paper save a great amount of wood pulp. 
 A. had better 	B. need 	C. can 	D. dare 
Question 46: She brought a lot of money with her so that she needed buy some duty-free goods. 
 A 	B C D 
Đề Thi TN THPT 2010
Question 11: He has made so many mistakes in his essay that he _______ do it all again. 
 A. needs 	B. ought 	C. used to 	 D. has to 
Question 12: Unless we can find new sources of energy, our life will certainly_______. 
 A. affected 	B. be affecting 	C. affect 	D. be affected 

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