Infinitive

Salesman: As you see, when we try to clean even the dirtiest part of your carpet there is no problem for this vacuum-cleaner.

Customer: But how easily can I learn to operate this machine? It seems to be extremely complicated to me.

Salesman: If you want to know how to get the best out of your new Dirt-Up vacuum cleaner you should read this brochure. It tells you everything you need to know.

If these verbs are followed by another verb, the structure is usually verb + to-infinitive:

1. afford I can't afford to buy it.

2. agree They agreed to help us.

3. appear She appears to be tired.

4. arrange I'll arrange to meet you at the airport.

5. decide I have decided to leave on Monday.

6. expect I expect to be back on Sunday.

7. fail She failed to return the book to the library on

time.

8. forget I forgot to mail the letter.

9. happen I happened to be passing his house at that time.

10. hope Jack hopes to arrive next week.

11. intend He intended to meet me at the station.

12. learn He learned to play the piano.

13. manage She managed to finish her work early.

14. mean I didn't mean to hurt your feelings.

15. need I need to have your opinion.

16. offer They offered to help us.

17. plan I am planning to have a party.

18. prepare We prepared to welcome them.

19. pretend He pretends not to understand.

20. promise I promise not to be late.

21. prove He proved to be a good doctor.

22. refuse I refuse to believe his story.

23. seem The dog seems to be friendly.

24. threaten They threatened to tell my parents.

25. want I want to tell you something.

26. wish She wishes to come with us.

 

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film. 34. The car following us was grey. 35. The agreement concluded between these two countries is of great importance to them. 36. The trees growing in front of our house Were planted by my father. 37. The problems discussed at the last meeting are very interesting.
Participles introducing adverbial phrases
I.You must be careful (while) playing chess. 2. They were quickly walking talking about omething with great interest. 3. The
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captain was standing on deck giving instructions to the sailors.
4. Having left our things in the cloakroom we went sightseeing
5. Left alone/being left alone he began to unpack his things. 6. Having lived in London many years he knew the city well. 7. He didn't agree to come to the concert with us saying he was busy. 8. She stood thinking what to answer. 9.1 didn't phone him thinking that he was busy. 10. Travelling around the country we saw a lot of places of interest. 11. Understanding that she wouldn't be able to do the work alone she asked me for help. 12. Knowing that I had enough time to reach the cinema on time I wasn't in a hurry. 13. Hearing that her sister couldn't come to see her Ann got upset. 14. He was looking at her smiling. 15. She spent the morning doing the flat. 16. Arriving in the city we went to the hotel. 17. Having worked in the hospital more than ten years he became an experienced doctor. 18. Looking through the old magazines I found an interesting article about Great Britain. 19. Waiting for my tram I saw an old man staring at me. 20. Having read the letter he put it into the drawer. 21. Being very tired I decided to stay at home. 22. Not knowing grammar he made very many mistakes. 23. He took the dictionary without asking permission. 24. Not receiving letters from her he sent her a telegram.
25. Not knowing how to get to the station I asked a policeman.
26. She left without looking at us. 27. Be careful while crossing the street. 28. Being very absent-minded he made several mistakes copying the text. 29. Having worked at the report all day long he felt very tired. 30. He realized his mistake and stopped arguing. 31. Having received the telegram I immediately left for my hometown 32. We had a good time swimming and sunbathing.
Participle after verbs of perception
1.1 saw her working in the garden. 2.1 watched the mechanic repairing my car. 3.1 heard her singing in the next room. 4.1 feel something burning in the kitchen. 5. We watched the children playing football. 6.1 saw him walking in the park. 7.1 heard her playing the piano and didn't want to interrupt her. 8. I watched my son doing his homework. 9.1 heard them talking in the next room. 10. Seeing the taxi drive up to the house he took his things and went downstairs. 11.1 noticed somebody standing at the gate.
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Have something done
1. How often do you have your hair cut? 2.1 must immediately have my watch repaired. 3. We had had our house repaired before w-e left for the south. 4. I want to have this document typed as soon as possible. 5.1 have just had my tooth pulled out. 6. When did you have your room papered? — A week ago. — How much did it cost you? — 100 dollars. 7.1 didn't have my watch repaired yesterday because all the repair-shops were closed. 8. Have you had your ceiling whitewashed? 9. Where did you have this dress made? 10. When will you have your piano tuned at last? 11. When did you have your garage built? 12. Yesterday he had his wallet stolen. 13.1 want to have my suit ironed. 14. You must have your hair cut.
Unit 12 Exercise I, p. 251
1 the; 2 the; 3 the; 4 the; 5 the; 6 the; 7 a; 8 the; 9 the; 10 a; 11 the; 12 a; 13 -; 14 -; 15 -; 16 the; 17 a; 18 a; 19 -; 20 -; 21 -; 22 -; 23 -; 24 -; 25 -.
Exercise 2, p. 251
1. When I was a student, I went in for sports. I was good at running and jumping. But when I became older, I gave up sports and I'm very sorry about it. This winter I'm going to go skiing and skating, and when summer comes, I'll go swimming and rowing. 2. I'm very fond of figure skating and I always watch on TV the international figure skating competitions. 3. I study at the Linguistic University. We have an excellent sports hall and all facilities for good physical training. 4. My brother dreams to achieve (to set) a record in swimming. He trains a lot. 5.1 prefer track and field athletics to boxing and wrestling. 6. Mountaineering is a dangerous sport. 7. My daughter is keen on sports. She is good at figure skating, she can swim and run well. 8. Are you going to take part in the boating race? — No, I'm off form now. 9.1 seem to know this man. He was an excellent runner once and now he trams young sportsmen. 10. By whom was the last world record
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in high jump set? — I don't know. I'm not keen on track and field athletics. I prefer football. 11. Last Saturday my friend and I went to the stadium. Moscow Spartak and Minsk Dynamo were playing My friend is a Muscovite and he supports Spartak, and I'm a supporter of Minsk Dynamo. The game (match) was exciting Both the teams were in good shape. A Minsk forward was the first to score a goal. Some minutes later a Spartak halfback evened the score. The first half ended in a draw. In the second half the Dynamo players were stronger than their opponents and they scored another goal. They won by two goals to one. I was happy, but my friend was disappointed.
Unit 13 Exercise I, p. 308
A. Peter reminded Nick that they had no homework for the next day and suggested going to the cinema saying that he hadn't seen a film for a long time. It turned out that Nick had no money, but Peter said he had enough money for both of them. Nick thanked him and promised to pay back the money on Monday. At that moment their friend John appeared. He asked where they were going, and Peter answered they were going to the cinema. John wanted to know what film they were going to see. Peter said that they were going to see "War and Peace". John remarked that his parents had already seen that film, and they had enjoyed it very much. Nick asked why John hadn't seen the film together with his parents. John explained that he had been very busy that day. When Nick asked John whether he wanted to come with them, John answered that he did, but he had promised his father to repair his car. Nick invited John to go to the pictures together with them and promised that after the film they would all come to his place to help them with the car. John thanked his friends and asked them when the film began. Peter answered that it began at 12.30, and the boys hurried to the cinema.
B. Talking about the weather one day, Peter remarked joyfully that the day was lovely. Jane agreed saying that it was the first really warm day that spring because the weather hadn't been too good lately. Peter protested saying that there had been some sunshine every day. Jane remarked ironically that there had been
358
rain every day too. Peter called her a pessimist. Then he suggested having a picnic. With an exclamation of regret Jane said that she couldn't because she had to prepare for her exams. Peter begged her to go to the country at the weekend but she refused. Her friend was disappointed.
Unit 14 Exercise I, p. 338
make; feel; to enjoy; about being; to being; about Uncle Tom('s) visiting; would need; feeling; usually goes; to Uncle Tom('s) describing; gives; to taking; taking
Exercise 2, p. 339
1 a; 2 an ;3 -; 4 a; 5 a; 6 -; 7 -; 8 -; 9 -; 10 a, 11 -; 12 -;13 an; 14 the; 15 the; 16 -; 17 -; 18 -; 19 -; 20 a; 21 a; 22 -; 23 -; 24 the; 25 a; 26 -; 27 the; 28 -; 29 the; 30-; 31 the; 32 -; 33 -; 34 the; 35 -; 36 a; 37 a; 38 the; 39 the; 40 -; 41 a; 42 the; 43 the; 44 the; 45 the; 46 the; 47 the; 48 -.
Exercise III, p. 340
1.1 have a sore throat. It must be quinzy. 2. She is seriously ill. She has been taken to hospital. She may (might) be operated on. 3. You look ill. I advise you to consult a doctor — the sooner the better. 4. I'm suffering from insomnia. I don't know what to do. — Why don't you take up sports? It might help you. — I'm too old to go in for sports. 5.1 have a bad pain in my chest. I'm afraid it's pneumonia. 6. Helen is ill with scarlet fever. She's in hospital now. 7. He was treated for flu but it turned out to be pneumonia. 8. This is a good medicine for a headache (an earache, a toothache). 9. Have you been X-rayed? — Not yet. But I've just had my blood pressure taken. It's normal. 10. He has a weak heart. Yesterday he had a bad heart attack. He's in bed. The doctor told him to stay in bed for three days. 11. You have two bad teeth. You must go to the dentist's. — Three months ago the dentist filled two of my teeth, I wish I didn't have to have my teeth filled every three months. 12. The doctor prescribed me some medicine
359
and said that I could have the prescription made up at any chemist's. 13. Your eyes are swollen. What's wrong with you? 14. He has got over (recovered from) his bronchitis and now he is quite well. 15. You must take your temperature. Here's the thermometer. 16. You don't look well. What's the matter with you? Have you had a sleepless night? — I don't feel well. I think there's nothing serious. — If I were you I should consult a doctor.
17. Some days ago I woke up with a splitting headache. I had a running nose and a bad cough. Besides I had a sore throat. I took my temperature. It was 39.1 phoned my doctor. The doctor came and examined me thoroughly, felt my pulse, sounded my heart and lungs, took my blood pressure, looked at my tongue and throat. The doctor said that it was flue and that I should stay in bed for a few days. He wrote out a prescription for some tablets and a mixture and told me to take a spoonful of it three times a day. My wife went to the chemist's where she had the prescription made up. I followed the doctor's instructions and recovered in a week.
18. I'm a little sick. I have a slight fever, my body aches all over, I'm dizzy. I'm ill. 19. I have a pain in my back. I don't know what's wrong.

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