Học tiếng Anh qua Idioms (Trình độ Elementary)

ve themselves up in the face of stronger enemy forces. 
to cross out : to cancel by marking with a horizontal line (S) 
- The teacher crossed out several incorrect words in Tanya's composition. 
- I crossed the last line out of my letter because it had the wrong tone to it. 
to take for granted : not to appreciate fully (S); to assume to be true without giving much thought (S) 
A noun or pronoun often follows the verb take. 
- John took his wife for granted until once when he was very sick and needed her constant attention for a week. 
- He spoke English so well that I took it for granted he was an American. 
- He took for granted that I wasn't American because I spoke English so poorly! 
to take something into account : to consider a fact while evaluating a situation (S) 
Again, a noun or pronoun often follows the verb take. 
- The judge took the prisoner's young age into account before sentencing him to three months in jail. 
- Educators should take into account the cultural backgrounds of students when planning a school curriculum. 
to make clear : to clarify, to explain (S) 
- Please make clear that he should never act so impolitely again. 
- The supervisor made it clear to the workers that they had to increase their productivity. 
clear-cut : clearly stated, definite, apparent 
- The president's message was clear-cut: the company had to reduce personnel immediately. 
- Professor Larsen is well known for his interesting and clear-cut presentations. 
to have on : to be wearing (S) 
- How do you like the hat which Grace has on today? 
- When Sally came into the room, I had nothing on except my shorts. 
to come to : to regain consciousness; to equal, to amount to 
- At first they thought that the man was dead, but soon he came to. 
- The bill for groceries at the supermarket came to fifty dollars. 
to call for : to require; to request, to urge 
- This cake recipe calls for some baking soda, but we don't have any. 
- The members of Congress called for new laws to regulate the banking industry. 
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EXERCISES 
A. Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression to substitute for the italicized word or words in each 
sentence below. Idioms from previous lessons are indicated by number. 
1. The majority of the investors at the shareholders' meeting urged the resignation of the chairman of the board. 
a. called for b. took for granted c. called on (Lesson 2) 
2. How many people appeared for the baseball game yesterday? 
a. turned out b. came to c. turned around (Lesson 8) 
3. My reason for voting "no" is very apparent: I disagree completely with the position of other committee mem-
bers on this matter. 
a. once in a blue moon b. clear-cut c. made clear 
4. There was a big traffic jam on the freeway when a truck stopped functioning in one of the middle lanes. 
a. burned down (Lesson 12) b. gave up c. broke down 
5. Mrs. Thomas was very surprised when she received the bill for her hospital stay. It equaled almost ten 
thousand dollars. 
a. crossed out b. came from (Lesson 10) c. came to 
6. Aaron had the habit to drink a lot of beer until he decided to lose weight. 
a. is used to (Lesson 9) b. gave up c. used to (Lesson 9) 
7. That's a very nice dress that you are wearing. Where did you buy it? 
a. have on b. take into account c. take for granted 
8. As it resulted, I didn't have to worry about the game; we won it easily. 
a. turned out b. made clear c. was over (Lesson 7) 
9. The gang of criminals surrendered to the police after eight hours of hiding in the warehouse. 
a. crossed out b. gave up c. looked out (Lesson 5) 
10. Joe's mother considered the fact that Joe was trying to help his brother when the accident took place. 
a. took for granted b. made clear c. took into account 
B. Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of an idiomatic expression from this unit only. 
Mrs. Lee: Hello. How are you? 
Cashier: Fine, ma'am. Only buying a few groceries today, I see. 
Mrs. Lee: Yes. As it _______________________, I only have a few dollars with me. 
Cashier: That blouse you _____________________ really goes nicely with your skirt. 
Mrs. Lee: Thank you. I just bought it this morning. 
Cashier: Oh, no! 
Mrs. Lee: What's the matter? 
Cashier: I can't continue using the cash register. It just ________________________. 
Mrs. Lee: That's terrible. Does this happen very often? 
Cashier: Not at all. In fact, it happens only __________________________. Unfortunately, this 
kind of situation usually ____________________ for the manager's assistance, but he's not 
here right now. 
Mrs. Lee: Just when you ___________________ that something like this won't happen, it does! 
Cashier: I guess I have to figure out your bill with paper and pencil. Let's see — the total for your 
purchases ________________ $13.35. 
Mrs. Lee: Did you _______________________________ my discount coupons? 
Cashier: No, I forgot. Thanks for reminding me. 
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REVIEW-LESSONS 1 TO 13 
A. Match the idiom in the left column with the definition in the right column. The first one is done for you. 
 d . 1. under the weather a. for a reason, deliberately 
___ 2. for good b. impossible, not feasible 
___ 3. on purpose c. from the beginning 
___ 4. so far d. not feeling well, sick 
___ 5. first-rate e. punctually 
___ 6. right away f. excellent, superb 
___ 7. every other 9. until now 
___ 8. out of the question h. uncomfortable, worried 
___ 9. all along i. very soon, immediately 
___ 10. on time j. modem, current 
___ 11. ill at ease k. alternate 
___ 12. up to date l. permanently, forever 
B. In the space provided, mark whether each sentence is true (T) or false (F). 
1. If you take your time getting ready for work in the morning you do it in a hurry. ___ 
2. If you have worn out your clothes, you would use them to dress up. ____ 
3. If you have difficulty getting along with people, you probably also have trouble making friends. ___ 
4. If the doctor advises you to cut down on work at the office, you should take some time off. ____ 
5. If you call it a day, you are just waking up in the morning. ____ 
6. If you tire out quite often then sooner or later you may catch cold. ___ 
7. If you know some information by heart, you still have to figure it out. ___ 
8. If you find fault with a person over and over again, that person may choose not to pay attention to your 
criticism. ___ 
9. If you make up your mind about a problem, you still have to think it over. ___ 
10. If you take a trip to a foreign country, you may want to brush up on the language first. ___ 
11. If your visits to a doctor are few and far between, you get used to receiving medical assistance. __ 
12. If important decisions always are up to you, then you take turns making them. ___ 
C. Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of the idioms using look listed below. 
to look at to look for to look up to look out to look over to look into 
1. Jeff’s mother expects him ___________ her directly while she is speaking to him. 
2. The police detective was very eager ___________ the cause of the accident. 
3. Harriet went to the library ___________ some facts for her research paper. 
4. Before the important exam, I ___________ my lecture notes for the class. 
5. Jason can't seem to locate his car keys. Could you help us ___________ them? 
6. ___________! There's a car coming towards us quickly. 
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D. Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of the idioms using take listed below. 
to take one's time to take off to take out to take part in to take a walk 
to take a trip to take place to take turns to take hold of 
1. Do you have any idea when the symphony concert is scheduled ___________? 
2. To drive safely, you should __________ the steering wheel with both hands. 
3. Carlo always ___________ on the telephone. She really enjoys calling up her friends and going on and on 
talking about work. 
4. Bill finally ___________ the new girl in school. They went to the park together and had a picnic. 
5. Many young actors and actresses wanted ___________ the theater production of Hamlet. Unfortunately, only 
a few were chosen. 
6. It's such a nice evening Would you like ___________ around the block with me? 
7. My brother and I ___________ doing household chores. One day he washes the dishes, and the next day I 
do them. 
8. Please ___________ your shirt and put it in the laundry basket. It's too dirty to wear anymore. 
9. This spring the Dobsons are planning ___________ to Oregon and Washington state. 
E. Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of the idioms using get listed below. 
to get in/to get on to get up to get to to get out of/to get off to get back 
to get over to get along with to get rid of to get in touch with 
1. It's not time to throw away these shoes yet. I'll tell you when you can __________ them. 
2. Max needs to talk to Alice right away. Do you know how ______________ ______________ him? 
3. At first Mark was very upset about losing his girlfriend, but already he is starting _____________ it. 
4. Before we were able ___________ the bus to downtown, we had to let the passengers on the bus. 
5. Please ______________ and _________________ the car on the driver's side. The door on the passenger 
side is broken. 
6. Felix is such a nice guy that it's easy __________________ him. 
7. Sarah usually ________ at about six o'clock in the morning, _____________ work by eight o'clock, 
and ___________ home by around six o'clock in the evening. 
The symbol (S) indicates that an idiom is separable — that a noun or noun phrase may be placed between the 
verb and the special preposition (called a particle). In these cases examples of both separable and inseparable 
forms are given.