English for Information Technology (Phần 1)

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Review 1
I. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D).
Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. You can use your PC .............with computer games
 A. to relax B. relax C. be relax D. relaxing
2. Information in the form of data and program is seen as ..................
A. peripheral B. hardware C. processor D. software
3. You can store data and program ................
A. permanent B. permanence C. permanently D. permanency
4. The program and data passing through the central processor must ............ into the main
memory.
A. load B. be loaded C. to be loaded D. loading
5. .............. holds instructions which are needed to start up the computer.
A. RAM B. ROM C. processor D. cache
6. To .......... access the necessary information, the read/write heads seek the required tracks and
sectors.
A. direct B. direction C. indirect D. directly
7. The electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system are called ............
 A. peripheral B. hardware C. processor D. software
8. Information in ......... is permanent and cannot be deleted.
A. RAM B. secondary storage C. ROM D. main memory
9. ............... displays the output from a computer on a screen.
A. monitor B. scanner C. printer D. pointer
10. A standard computer system includes 3 main parts; the CPU, the ....... and main memory.
A. input device B. output device C. storage device D. peripheral
11. A keyboard is used for ............. data.
A. input B. inputing C. inputting D. being inputted
12. ............... performs mathematical calculations.
A. ALU B. the register C. control unit D. CPU
13. These ........... are used to start up the computer, or to read the information from the keyboard.
A. instruct B. instruction C. instructive D. instructions
14. .................. is known as “firmware”.
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A. RAM B. secondary storage C. ROM D. main memory
15. Each tiny dot on the screen of a computer .............. a picture element.
A. is called B. are called C. call D. is calling
16. .................. controls all the operations in a computer.
A. RAM B. ROM C. processor D. cache
17. We can protect a disk drive from damage in a ..............
A. box B. hard disk C. cartridge D. sealed case
18. .......... controls the timing of signals in the computer.
A. system tray B. clock C. mouse D. volume
19. ........... are the physical units attached to the computer.
 A. peripherals B. hardware C. processors D. software
20. She .......... that she could not attend classes next week.
A. said her processor B. told her processor C. is telling her processor D. all of them
21. There are many institutes that teach computer programming.
A. education B. educational C. educated D. educationally
22. It is possible that by the year 2000, a well-. person will have to have a
good knowledge of computer science.
A. education B. educational C. educated D. educationally
23. There are many fields of .. today that use computers as teaching tools.
A. education B. educational C. educated D. educationally
24. Because of their  microcomputers are becoming more popular than
minicomputers.
A. flexible B. flexibility C. flexibly D. flexing
25. Microcomputers have a more .......... set of instructions than Microcomputers
A. flexible B. flexibility C. flexibly D. flexing
II. Using the suggested words to rewrite the following sentences without changing the
meaning.
1. My monitor picture is too narrow to see.
 My monitor picture ........................
2. The processor looks for data in the main memory first.
Data ..............................................................................
3. We use a joystick to play computer games.
 A joystick .....................................................
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4. This computer hangs or freezes because of the memory problem.
This computer ...............................................................................
5. Notebook is too expensive for her to buy.
 Notebook ...................................................
III.Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
1. Bill .............. (work) for the company for the last twenty – five years.
2. He ................. (graduate) in business studies and ...... (take) a job in London.
3. He ................ (train) as a systems analyst while he ............. (work) in London.
4. Now he .......... (look after) all the system used by the Technical Services Division.
5. At the moment, he ............. (develop) a system for handling repairs.
6. When something ............ (go) wrong in a pub, a service engineer ......... (send) to fix it.
7. Details of every repair ............. (download) to the company’s mainframe each night.
8. No changes can ............... (make) until the system .......... (test).
9. Bill thinks that communications ................. (get) faster and faster in the future.
10. He thinks that a paper-free office ................. (not happen).
IV. Choose the one option - a, b, c or d - that best completes the passage.
The World Wide Web is .(1) million of sites (2).. by anybody
from multimedia corporations to (3). people like you and me. On the web you
can read online newspapers or magazines; you can watch videos, (4) music or
buy anything .(5). a CD to a holiday.
You can go into a ..(6).. and ..(7).......... to other people all over the
world or .(8). a newsgroup for more serious debate. If you are really ambitious
you might even like to try creating your own . (9). Then you can .(10)
your holiday pictures to the whole world.
1. a. make up b. made up of c. made from d. made of
2. a. taken b. discovered c. invented d. created
3. a. usual b. normal c. ordinary d. typical
4. a. download b. listen c. watch d. unload
5. a. like b. on c. from d. with
6. a. talk room b. CD-ROM c. chat room d. speaking
7. a. talk b. speak c. say d. converse
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8. a. attend b. take c. access d. join
9. a. chat room b. web page c. pictures d. internet
10. a. see b. send c. indicate d. show
V. Read the texts and do the following exercises.
 1 In the history of technology, computers and calculators were innovative developments.
They are essentially different from all other machines because they have a memory. This
memory stores instructions and information. In a calculator, the instructions are the various
functions of arithmetic, which are permanently remembered by the machine and cannot be
altered or added to. The information consists of the numbers keyed in.
7 An electronic pocket calculator can perform almost instant arithmetic. A calculator
requires an input unit to feed in numbers, a processing unit to make the calculation, a memory
unit, and an output unit to display the result. The calculator is powered by a small battery or by
a panel of solar cells. Inside is a microchip that contains the memory and processing units and
also controls the input unit, which is the keyboard, and the output unit, which is the display.
13 The input unit has keys for numbers and operations. Beneath the keys is a printed circuit
board containing a set of contacts for each key. Pressing a key closes the contacts and sends a
signal along a pair of lines in the circuit board to the processing unit, in which the binary code
for that key is stored in the memory. The processing unit also sends the code to the display.
Each key is connected by a different pair of lines to the processing unit, which repeatedly
checks the lines to find out when a pair is linked by a key.
20 The memory unit stores the arithmetic instructions for the processing unit and holds the
temporary results that occur during calculation. Storage cells in the memory unit hold the
binary codes for the keys that have been pressed. The number codes, together with the
operation code for the plus key, are held in temporary cells until the processing unit requires
them.
25 When the equal key is pressed, it sends a signal to the processing unit. This takes the
operation code – for example, addition, and the two numbers being held in the memory unit and
performs the operation on the two numbers. A full adder does the addition, and the result goes
to the decoder in the calculator’s microchip. This code is then sent to the crystal display unit,
which shows the result, or output, of the calculation.
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 Choose the best answer
1. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To summarize the history of technology
B. To discuss innovative developments in technology.
C. To explain how a calculator works
D. To compare computers and calculators with other machines.
2. The word “innovative” in line 1 could best be replaced by?
A. revolutionary
B. complicated
C. important
D. recent
3. What can be inferred about machines that are not calculators or computers?
A. They are older than computers.
B. They cannot store information in a memory.
C. They have simple memory and processing units.
D. They are less expensive than computers.
4. In what part of the calculator are the processing and memory units?
A. the battery
B. the solar cells
C. the output unit
D. the microchip
5. The word “contacts” in line 14 is closest in meaning to
A. locations
B. connections
C. commands
D. codes
6. According to the passage, one function of the memory unit is
A. to send codes to the display unit
B. to control the keyboard
C. to store temporary results during calculation
D. to alter basic arithmetic instructions
7. The word “ This” in line 26 refers to
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A. the equal key
B. the plus key
C. the memory unit
D. the processing unit
8. Which of the following could NOT be said about calculators?
A. Calculators require a lot of instructions to operate quickly.
B. Calculators and computers are similar.
C. The calculator’s thinking takes place in the processing and memory units.
D. Pressing a key activates a calculator.
 Translate the passage into Vietnamese.